Encyclopedia of Islam

158–160

communism  160–161, 511

Companions of the Prophet  

xxiii, 162

caliph  125

caliphate  126

camel  128

cemetery  133

Copts and the Coptic 

Church  166

fitna  241

hadith  279

Hanafi Legal School  287

Hanbali Legal School  288

Ibn Abd al-Wahhab, 

Muhammad  325

Ibn Taymiyya, Taqi al-Din 

Ahmad  339

muezzin  487

Salafism  601

Shiism  624

Twelve-Imam Shiism  678

Wahhabism  704

constitutionalism  162–164, 

164

Constitutional Revolution  83, 

163, 164–165, 363

conversion  xxxi, xxxii, 

165–166

Copts and the Coptic Church  

166–167, 167

Cordoba  xxxviiic, 111, 167–

168, 336, 474, 569

Council of American-Islamic 

Relations (CAIR)  168–169, 

695

Council on Islamic Education 

(CIE)  169–170

covenant  149, 170, 193, 526, 

559, 671

creation  77, 170–174, 308, 

479, 632, 668

crime and punishment  174–

175, 620

Crusades  xlc, 175–176

Badawi, Ahmad al-  83

Christianity and Islam  

142–143

CIE  169

cinema  146

Fatimid dynasty  232

Islam  373

Israel  381

Istanbul  384

Jerusalem  394

Lebanon  441

Orientalism  536

Saladin  600–601

Turkey  674

customary law  176, 309, 620

D

daawa  177–179

Daawa Party of Iraq  xlvic, 

179–180

daawa  178

Gulf Wars  275, 277

Iraq  370, 371

Shiism  626

Twelve-Imam Shiism  681

Damascus  xxxi, xxxviic, 

xxxviiic, 180, 180–181

Abd al-Qadir al-Jazairi  3

Bilal  101

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Index

  

735  J

Iraq  369

Jordan  406

Medina  470

paradise  547

Daoud Ahmed  17, 181–182

dar al-Islam and dar al-harb  

182–183

Dara Shikoh  183–184, 551, 

563

Dar ul-Arqam  184

David  184–185, 242, 244, 392

death  185–186

baqa and fana  89–90

cemetery  132–133

eschatology  213–214

fate  228

funerary rituals  250–251

Judgment Day  413

martyrdom  458

slavery  630

suicide  641–642

Delhi  150, 186–189, 187m, 

349, 462

Delhi Sultanate  xxxii, 189–190

Bangladesh  87

Delhi  186

India  350, 352–353

kafir  421

Persian language and 

literature  551

democracy  190–191

Deoband  191–192, 351, 356

dervish  192–193

Ataturk, Mustafa Kemal  

69

Mevlevi Sufi Order  

471–472

Rifai Sufi Order  592

Rumi, Jalal al-Din  593

Sufi Order International  

638

Sufism  639

tekke  666

Turkey  675

dhikr  193–194, 194

dhimmi  xxxi, 194–196

dialogue  144, 196–197, 269, 

413

dietary laws  109, 155, 198, 

198–199, 246, 250, 284, 620

divorce  136, 176, 199–200, 

203, 315

dog  200–201

Dome of the Rock  xxxviiic, 

49, 201–202, 381, 391, 391, 

394–395

dreams  202–204, 632

Druze  xlc, 204–205, 232, 441, 

626

E

East Africa  206–207, 252

East Pakistan. See Bangladesh

education  xxii, xxxii, 207–210, 

210

Baghdad  84

books and bookmaking  

112, 113

children  136, 137

CIE  169

cities  151

Ghazali, Zaynab al-  262

Hanafi Legal School  287

human rights  315

Husayniyya  321

India  359

Jordan  407

kuttab  437

literacy  445

Nasir, Jamal Abd al-  518

Nation of Islam  522

Nizam al-Din Awliya  530

Quran  573

Rashid Rida, Muhammad  

582

refugees  584

renewal and reform 

movements  585, 588

Reza Shah Pahlavi  592

RP  582

slavery  629

student  634

tekke  666

ulama  684

United States  693

university  696

women  712

Zaytuna Mosque  721

Egypt  xxv, xxxi, xxxviic, xlic, 

xliic, xliiic, xlivc, xlviic, 

210–212, 211

Abd al-Raziq, Ali  5

Abu Zayd, Nasr Hamid  10

agriculture  21

alchemy  30

Arab-Israeli conflicts  56

Arab League  57

archaeology  59, 60

art  64

Azhar, al-  79–80

Badawi, Ahmad al-  83

Banna, Hasan al-  88–89

baraka  92

birth rites  106

Bohra  111

books and bookmaking  

112

Camp David accords  

128–129

Fatimid dynasty  231–233

Funj Sultanate  252

Hagar  281

haram  290

Harun al-Rashid  293

Hizb al-Tahrir al-Islami  

303

holidays  306

houses  312, 313

human rights  315

Ibn al-Farid, Abu Hafs 

Umar  328

Islamism  376

Israel  382

madrasa  446, 447

Moses  482–484

Muhammad Ali dynasty  

496–497

Muslim Brotherhood  

506–508

politics and Islam  556

renewal and reform 

movements  587, 588

Sadat, Muhammad Anwar 

al-  597–598

Takfir wa’l-Hijra  656–657

Tanzimat  661

Westernization  710

Emigrants  45, 162, 213, 299, 

688

eschatology  186, 213–214, 259, 

413, 668

ethics and morality  214–217, 

302–303, 572

Europe  xxiv, xxxii, 217–220, 

218

evil eye  106, 220, 220–221, 231

F

Fadlallah, Muhammad Husayn  

222–223

faith  xxiii–xxiv, 223–224

family planning. See birth 

control and family planning

fana. See baqa and fana

Farabi, Abu Nasr al-  xlc, 224–

226, 417, 555, 633

Faraizi movement  87, 226, 588

Farrakhan, Louis  18, 47, 226–

227, 523

Farsi. See Persian language and 

literature

fasting  xxiii, 227–228

Ashura  67

blood  110

dietary laws  199

Five Pillars  243

food and drink  248

Ramadan  580

umma  688

fate  228–229, 284

Fatiha  221, 229–230, 570

Fatima  xxxviic, 230–231

ahl al-bayt  23

Alawi  28

Ali ibn Abi Talib  33

calendar  124

Fatimid dynasty  231

Gabriel  255

goddess  265

harem  292

Hashimite dynasty  295

Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abi 

Talib  319

imam  348

Jaafar al-Sadiq  386

Khadija bint Khuwaylid ibn 

Asad  428

Libya  443

Mary  460

Muhammad  491

Night of Destiny  529

prophets and prophethood  

560

Ramadan  581

Shiism  623

Twelve-Imam Shiism  680

women  712

Zaynab bint Ali ibn Abi 

Talib  720

Fatimid dynasty  xxxvix, xlc, 

xlic, 231–233, 232

Berber  100

daawa  177

Druze  203

Egypt  211

Ismaili Shiism  377–378

Shiism  625

Tunisia  673

fatwa  233

Faysal ibn Abd al-Aziz Al Saud 

(king of Saudi Arabia)  190, 

233–234, 295, 318, 468, 511

feasting  199, 234–235, 248, 

305, 342

fedayeen. See fidai

Federation of Islamic 

Associations (FIA)  130, 236

Fez  xxxvix, 157, 236–237, 

237, 481

fidai  237–238

film. See cinema

fiqh  238–240

Fire  214, 240–241, 413, 421, 

632, 641–642

First Gulf War. See Gulf War 

(1990–1991)

fitna  241–242, 296

Five Pillars  xxiii, 242–243, 

243. See also almsgiving; hajj; 

prayer; shahada

adab  11

Ahmadiyya  24

authority  73

Bangladesh  87

cities  150

colonialism  157

dhikr  193

Druze  203

ethics and morality  215

faith  223

fasting  227

food and drink  248

Ghazali, Abu Hamid 

al-  261

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K  736  

Encyclopedia of  Islam

Five Pillars (continued)

Islam  372

taqwa  663

travel  672

Twelve-Imam Shiism  679

United States  692–693

Wahhabism  704, 705

women  712

ziyara  722

flag  243–245, 244

folklore  118, 245–246

food and drink  154–155, 

227–228, 246–250, 247, 522, 

580–581

France

Abd al-Qadir al-Jazairi  3–4

Bamba, Ahmadu  86

Bangladesh  87

Damascus  181

Hashimite dynasty  295

human rights  315

Husayn ibn Ali  318

Israel  381

Tunisia  673

funerary rituals  250–252, 361, 

632, 642

Funj Sultanate  252, 636

Fyzee, Asaf Ali Asghar  252–253

G

Gabriel  xxiii, 254–255

angel  43

Arafat  57

basmala  94

Black Stone  108

Buraq, al-  118

faith  223

Hagar  281

holy books  308

Muhammad  492

Night Journey and Ascent  

528

Night of Destiny  529

paradise  546

Quran  572

revelation  590

Rushdie, Salman  595

soul and spirit  632

Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand  

255–256

AIML  35–36

Azad, Abu al-Kalam  79

Hinduism and Islam  301

India  355–357

Jamiyyat Ulama-i Hind  

389

Jinnah, Muhammad Ali  

401

Khilafat Movement  433

garden  84, 172, 256, 256–257, 

546

Ghadir Khumm  34, 124, 235, 

257–258, 306, 623

Ghalib, Mirza Asad Ali Khan