Electronics and Circuits 2

Illustration of the concept of nanometer:
objects and their The dimensions are logarithmic scale comparable
Atoms and small molecules 0.1 to 1 nanometer in order sizing owners (compare for: man hair molecule about 60,000 times thicker). Dimensions such stage physics, chemistry, biology such as of sciences between border disappears.
Nanotechnologies terms through nanometer dimensional materials, devices, systems Create and use understood.
Nanotechnologies allow us to work with objects of atomic and molecular scale. Man har always itself for convenient technician devices y search strives. Mostly convenience she is or this of the device resolution zoom out with depending on. In fact, everyone agrees that a flat screen TV is more convenient than a cubic TV. If the first computers occupied more than one room, modern computers can also be placed in a bag or pocket. The development of modern advanced technologies is accompanied by the reduction of the size of the product of miniaturization - technology.
Electronics in the field running scientists and to experts G. Ye. The law defined by Moore is known. According to this law, the computing power of microprocessors doubles every two years by increasing the density of the chips (enlarging) and reducing their size. This law has become universal and has been implemented for 40 years in other "critical" technologies such as molecular biology, micro mechanics, micro system engineering. The continuation of this law will inevitably lead electronics from microstructure to nanostructure in the near future: transistors and other discrete elements of electronics will soon be composed of a number of atoms.
Today nanotechnologies microelectronic, optical, biological and other modern technology more are
Distinguish several historical stages in the history of human development associated with the adoption of new materials and technologies possible.
First scientific and technical revolution - industrial, or energetic - Dj. Watt began a major patent for an improved steam engine in 1769, which dramatically increased labor efficiency in all types of production, agriculture, and transportation. The scientific and technological revolution was made possible by the technology of making steel products. The products of these technologies are related to our usual macrocosm.
In the 60s of the twentieth century, with the development of microelectronics, the second (information) scientific and technological revolution began. Cars and other means of movement, machines, instruments remained macroscopic bodies (because the unit of scale is the size of the human body), but the controls, devices for transmitting and receiving information became extremely complex, their primary components (transistors, capacitors, resistors) became increasingly miniaturized. The second scientific and technological revolution is associated with silicon technologies implemented in the microenvironment.
Scientists predict that the next decade will be a period of nanotechnology - the third scientific and technological revolution. As the American scientist E. Teller said: "Whoever masters nanotechnology before others, will be a leader in the technosphere of the XXI century."