Date: Lesson Meeting people Lesson materials appendix lead in activity

Lesson materials

Appendix 1. Exercise
Work in pairs. Match the prefixes with numbers. Compare with others.

dual- giga- kilo- mega- micro- milli- nano- quad- tera-

1. 
   1,000,000,000,000= tera-
   
2. 
   1,000,000,000= giga-
   
3. 
   1,000,000= mega-
   
4. 
   1,000 = kilo-
   
5. 
   0.000000001= nano-
   
6. 
   0.000001= micro-
   
7. 
   0,001= milli-
   
8. 
   4= quad-
   

APPENDIX 2. GLOSSARY. VIDEO



APPENDIX 3. LANGUAGE.
Classifying from specific to general.
Make up sentences using Help Box and the numbers given in Appendix 1.

1. KB, MB, GB, TB, PB and etc. make up measurement unit.

2. MB is a type of measurement.

3. 0 and 1 are two basic components of ASCII.

4. 1024 KB constitutes 1 MB.


HELP BOX Classifying from specific to general
We can classify from specific to to the more general. We can say, for example, that ‘ a word processor (specific) is a type of software (general)’.

Typical expressions Examples:

1. 
   OCR is a type of software which recognizes characters.
   
2. 
   A PC card radio and a router are two basic components of a wireless network.
   
3. 
   The RAM and the ROM constitute the main memory
   
4. 
   The System and Finder programs make up the Mac OS.
   

-is a type of

-are parts/component of

-constitute

-make up



APPENDIX 4. READING.




Read the text and then answer these questions.

1 How many digits does a binary system use?

-A binary system uses two digits. (0 and 1)

2 What is a bit?

- A bit  is the smallest unit of data in a computer.

3 What is a collection of eight bits called?

-  A collection of eight bits is called Byte.

4 What does ASCII stand for?

- ACII (American standard Code for Information Interchange) is the standard for the binary representation of characters.

5 What is the purpose of ASCII?

-The purpose of ASCII is to avoid complex calculations of bytes.


Bits and bytes

Computers do all calculations using a code made of just two numbers – 0 and 1. This system is called binary code. The electronic circuits in a digital computer detect the difference between two states: ON (the current passes through) or OFF (the current doesn’t pass through) and represent these states as 1 or 0. Each 1 or 0 is called a binary digit, or bit.

Bits are grouped into eight-digit codes that typically represent characters (letters, numbers and symbols). Eight bits together are called a byte. Thus, each character on a keyboard has its own arrangement of eight bits. For example, 01000001 for the letter A, 01000010 for B, and 01000011 for C.

Computers use a standard code for the binary representation of characters. This is the American standard Code for Information Interchange, or ASCII. In order to avoid complex calculations of bytes, we use bigger units such as kilobytes, megabytes and gigabytes.

We use these units to describe the RAM memory, the storage capacity of disks and the size of a program or document.