Convenience

Interpersonal Demands
•
Group pressures
•
Leadership styles
•
Conflicting
personalities
Task Demands
•
Quick decisions
•
Incomplete information
for decisions
•
Critical decisions
Physical Demands
•
Temperature extremes
•
Poorly designed office
•
Threats to health
Role Demands
•
Role conflict
•
Role ambiguity
Organizational Stressors
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F I G U R E 9 . 5
Causes of Work Stress
There are several causes of work stress in organizations. Four general sets of
organizational stressors are task demands, physical demands, role demands, and
interpersonal demands.
Chapter 9:
Basic Elements of Individual Behavior in Organizations
2 7 5
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communication devices that keep people connected to their jobs are also potential
sources of stress.
35
Although job cuts and layoffs during the 2008–2009 recession focused
on the stress experienced by those losing their jobs (and appropriately so), it’s also the
case that many of the managers imposing the layoffs experienced stress.
36
Interpersonal demands
are stressors associated with relationships that confront people
in organizations. For example, group pressures regarding restriction of output and norm
conformity can lead to stress. Leadership styles may also cause stress. An employee who
feels a strong need to participate in decision making may feel stress if his boss refuses to
allow participation. And individuals with conflicting personalities may experience stress
if required to work too closely together. For example, a person with an internal locus of
control might be frustrated when working with someone who prefers to wait and just let
things happen.