“chemical engineering”

Assistant Professor Ērika Bizdēna

Course description: 5Credit units; 80 hours (32 lectures, 48 laboratories)

Control forms: Exam
Course content:

• 
  Introduction (1 hr.)
  
• 
  Strategy of isolation of organic substances from synthetic mixtures and from cells (3hr)
  
• 
  Main methods and procedures of isolation (4 hr.)
  
• 
  Principles of systematic identification of organic compounds (2 hr.)
  
• 
  Advanced methods of chromatography (4 hr.)
  
• 
  Theory of electrophoresis (1 hr.)
  
• 
  Polyacrylamide and agarose gel electrophoresis ( 3 hr.)
  
• 
  Capillary electrophoresis (2 hr.)
  
• 
  X-Ray difraction (4 hr.)
  
• 
  Special methods for analysis of biopolimers (1 hr.)
  
• 
  Radioactive and fluorescent labels (3 hr.)
  
• 
  Hybridisation probes (2 hr.)
  
• 
  Molecular chips (2 hr.)
  

Unit tests and home exercises:

1. 
   Strategy and methods of isolation of organic compounds (2,3)
   
2. 
   Methods of chromatography (5)
   
3. 
   Methods of electrophoresis (6-8)
   
4. 
   Analysis of biopolimers (10-13)
   

Laboratory works

Isolation and purification of organic compound. Systematic analysis of “unknown”.

HPLC and gas hromatography analysis of reaction mixtures. PAAG electrophoresis.

Agarose gel electrophoresis.

Literature:

1. 
   Shriner R.L., Fusak R.C., Curtin D.Y., Morill T.C. The Systematic Identification of Organic Compounds. 6^th Ed. 1980.
   
2. 
   Fizikāli ķīmiskā bioloģija. Laboratorijas darbi. Sastād. Ē.Bizdēna, J.Lainis. 1984.
   
3. 
   Poole C.F., Poole S.K. Chromatography Today. 1991.
   
4. 
   Юинг Г., Инструментальные методы химического анализа. 1989.
   
5. 
   Хроматография. Практическое приложение метода. Ч.I,II. Ред. Э.Хефтман. 1986.
   
6. 
   Шатц В.Д., Сахартова О.В. Высоко-эффективная жидкостная хроматография. 1988.
   
7. 
   Препаративная жидкостная хроматография. Ред.Бидлингмейер Б. 1990.
   

Further reading:

1. 
   Skoog D.A., Holler F.J., Nieman T.A. Principles of instrumental analysis. 5^th Ed. 1998.
   

Periodicals: Analytical Chemistry; Analytical Biochemistry

Chemistry and Technology of Polymer Materials

ĶPI 419

Professor Mārtiņš Kalniņš

Course description: 3Credit units; 48 hours (32 lectures, 16 laboratories)

Control forms: exam
Course content:

• 
  General concepts. Highmolecular compounds, polymers. Macromolecule. Monomer unit. Degree of polymerization. Principles of polymer classification and name formation.
  
• 
  Macromolecule (M). Configuration of M on various levels. Modes of M regularity. Thermoplastic and thermoreactive polymers. Levels of M conformations. Change of M conformations. Flexibility of M, evaluation principles of M flexibility.
  
• 
  Systems of macromolecules (SM).
  
• 
  The important feature of SM: joint action of intermolecular and chemical bonds. Energy of cohesion. Types of elemental deformation of SM. Amorphous and crystalline phase states of polymers. Crystallization and glass-transition.
  
• 
  Synthesis of polymers. Synthesis from low-molecular substances. Polymerization Polycondensation
  
• 
  Synthesis by chemical modification of polymers. Polymeranalogous transformations. Macromolecular reactions.
  
• 
  Synthesis of copolymers.
  
• 
  Structure and main properties of the polymer Amorphous polymers (AP). Deformative states of AP. Strength-deformation characteristics of AP. Time-temperature equivalence.
  
• 
  Crystalline polymers (CP). Crystallization as process. Main principles of control of the crystallization.
  
• 
  General properties of the polymers. Advantages and disadvantages of polymers in comparison with other materials. Perspectives of the control of polymer structure. Relationship between polymer properties and main characteristics of macromolecules: length, flexibility, cross-linking degree and others.
  
• 
  Polymer based materials, respective ware and methods of their manufacturing “Simple” materials. Plastics, plasticized systems, rubber, binders, coating materials, adhesive and others..
  
• 
  Polymer composites: filled, reinforced, laminates, hybrid composites.
  
• 
  Ware: structural elements, profiles, sheets, films, fibers etc.
  
• 
  Methods of processing of polymer materials: Pressing, injection molding, extrusion, calandering and others.
  
• 
  The role of polymer materials in the industry of other materials Perspectives of the further development of polymer materials.
  
• 
  Most important representatives of industrial polymers. Synthesis, structure, properties, use.
  
• 
  Essential linear polymers Mass-production polymers: polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinychloride Polymers for technical use: polyesters, polyamides, polycarbonates, polyurethanes, ethylene copolymers, vinylacetate polymers, polyakrylic acid, its derivatives and copolymers etc. Specialty polymers: aromatic polyamides, aromatic polyethers, polyethercetones, polysulfones etc.
  
• 
  Essential curable polymers. Phenol - formaldehyde polymers. Copolymers of unsaturated polyesters.. Epoxy polymers. Polyurethanes. Polysiloxanes. Elastomer based polymers. Systems based on products of cyclization of linear polymers,
  
• 
  Perspectives and problems of the development of polymer materials Principles of the improvement of polymer quality. Control of polymer life-time. Recycling of polymer materials..
  

Literature:

	F. W. Billmeyer.	Textbook of Polymer Science, , 3-rd Edition, Wiley, 1984, 578 pp.
	M. Kalnins.	Polimēru fizikālā ķīmija (Physical Chemistry of Polymers), in Latvian, Riga, Zvaigzne,1988, 242 pp.
	L.H.Sperling.	Introduction to Physical Polymer Science, 2-nd ed.,1992, 594 pp.
	M. Kalnins, E. Neimanis,V .Kalkis.	Lielmolekulārie savienojumi (High-Molecular Compounds). in Latvian, Riga, Zvaigzne,1981,339pp.
	G. S. Misra	Introductory Polymer Chemistry, Wiley, 1993, 253 pp.
	В.Р. Говарикер, Н.В. Висванатхан, Дж. Шридхар	Полимеры, (Polymer Science), М., Наука, 1990, с. 396
	Э.Тадмор, К.Гогос	Теоретические основы переработки полимеров, (Principlrs of Polymer processing), М., Химия, 1984, с.632
	под. ред. В.В. Коршака	Технология пластических масс, М., Химия, 1985, с.560
	S. Middleman	Fundamentals of Polymer Processing, N.Y., Mc Graw - Hill Book, 1977, p.p. 525
	ed. D.H. Monton-Jones	Polymer Processing, London, Chapman & Hall, 1993, 260 lpp.
	J.R. Fried	Polymer Science and Technology, New Jersey, Prentice Hall PTR, 1995, 509 lpp.
	J.M. Charrier	Polymeric Materials and Processing, N-Y., Oxford University press, 1994, p.p. 633

Material ageing and protection.

ĶPI 420
Associated Professor Laimonis Mālers

Course description: 2Credit units; 32 hours ( 32 lectures)

Control forms: exam.
Course content.

• 
  1.General concepts of materials. The role of materials in providing of the important needs of of the existence of mankind. Short description of the main simple materials.Main composite materials.Structural levels of materials. The level of atoms and molecules. Microstructure. Macrostructure. Parameters for description of material properties. Correlation between structure and properties of materials. Life cycle of materials. Principles of selecting of materials and strategy of designing of new materials.
  
• 
  2. General information about ageing of materials. Factors challenging ageing of materials: temperature, oxygen, ozone, light, radiation, water, chemicals, biological media, mechanical stresses etc. Ways of ageing of materials. Investigation and forecasting of ageing of materials. Regulation of ageing of materials and products.
  
• 
  3. Ageing of different materials. Uniform and different features for ageing of materials. Degradation of wood. Ageing of polymers and composites based on polymers . Ageing of construction materials : corrosion of metals, building materials ( masonary,bricks) etc.
  
• 
  4. Protection of materials. General principles of protection of materials, their classification ( decontamination of aggressive media, improving of structure and content of materials, decreasing of factors having influence on ageing of materials, application of protective coatings etc.). Possibilities and selection of protective methods for different materials and constructions ( metals, wood, masonry, polymers, buildings, bridges, means of transportation etc.)
  

Literature:

1. 
   Construction Materials. Their nature and behavior. Ed. by J.M.illston.E & FN SPON, 1994.
   
2. 
   Jack A. Collins.Failure of Materials in Mechanical Design. John Wiley & Sons, 1993.
   
3. 
   E.Kirilova, E.Šuļgina. Termoplastu novecošana un stabilizācija. Ļ., Ķimija, 1988 ( in russion).
   
4. 
   Donald R. Askeland.The Science and Engineering of Materials.Boston, 1996.
   
5. 
   M.Kalniņš. Ēku aizsardzība. Rīga, Liesma, 1969 ( in latvian).
   
6. 
   G.G.Ulig, R.U.Revi. Korozija un cīņa ar to. Ļ., Ķīmija, 1989 ( in russion).