“chemical engineering”

Professor Imants Meirovics

Course description: 2 Credit units; 32 hours (16 lectures, 16 practice)

Control forms: exam
Course content:

• 
  Tasks and steps of development of organic chemistry in the field of biomaterial technology.
  
• 
  Carbohydrates. Biopolymers containing carbohydrates. Monosaccharides. Glycosides. Oligosaccharides. Polysaccharides. Glycoproteins.
  
• 
  Amino acids. Stereochemistry of amino acids. Peptide bonding.
  
• 
  Nucleic acids. Structure and conformation of nucleic acids. Synthesis of nucleic acids. Chemical modification of nucleic acids. Modification of residues of carbohydrates. Polyribonucleotides. Nucleoproteides. Nucleic acids role in replication, transcription and translation. Genes engineering. Joining of nucleotide units in DNA. Transformation, transfiction, selection.
  
• 
  Proteins and peptides. Proteins and peptides structures. Peptides cleavage. Sequencing of amino acids. The Edman degradation, automated and enzymatic method. Mas spectroscopic method. Protein and peptide synthesis. Protein and peptide chemical modification.
  
• 
  Enzymes. Immune systems in proteins. Proteins as hormones. Peptide biological role. Peptides - immunity regulators.
  
• 
  Biological membranes. Lipids of membranes. Molecular organization of biological membranes. Membrane biogenasis.
  
• 
  Lipids. Constitution of lipids. Classification: fatty acids, phospholipids, glycolipids. Lipids structure. Lipids synthesis.
  
• 
  Lon molecular bioregulators. Alkaloids. Vitamins. Terpenes. Steroids. Antibiotics. Prostaglandins. Pesticides.
  

Literature:

1. 
   I. Meirovics. Organic chemistry.- Riga: Zvaigzne, 1992.-524. ( latvian ).
   
2. 
   O. Neilands. Organic chemistry. -Riga: Zvaigzne, 1977.-p.797. ( latvian ).
   
3. 
   O.Ya. Neiland. Organic chemistry.- Moscow: Vishaya schkola, 1990. - p.750 ( russ ).
   
4. 
   J.A. Ovchinnikov. Bioorganic chemistry.- Moscow: Praschveshenie, 1987.-p.815 (russ).
   
5. 
   T.T. Berezov, B.F. Korovkin. Biological chemistry.- Moscow: Medisina, 1990.- p.543 (russ).
   
6. 
   Tacuo Oon, Eisaku Isuka et.al. Biopolymers.- Moscow: Mir, 1988. - p.544 ( russ ).
   
7. 
   N.A. Tjukavkina, J.I. Baukov. Bioorganic chemistry.- Moscow: Medisina, 1991.-p.528 (russ ).
   
8. 
   Laboratory investigations in bioorganic chemestry. Edited by N.A. Tjukavkina.- Moscow: Medisina, 1985. - p.256 ( russ ).
   
9. 
   G. Zubay. Biochemistry.- New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1988 - p.810
   
10. 
    Thomas M. Devlin. Textbook of Biochemistry. - New York: John wiley & Soks, 1986 -p.850
    

Organic Compounds for Optics and Electronics

ĶOĶ 523

Professor Ojārs Neilands

Course description: 2 Credit units; 32 hours (16 lectures, 16 practice).

Control forms: test.
Course content:

• 
  Basic principles of feasibility to use organic compounds in electronics and optics.
  
• 
  Transformation of organic compounds into materials for electronics and optics.
  
• 
  Organic semiconductors and their physical properties. Organic compounds and assemblies of organic compounds characteristic of semiconducting properties.
  
• 
  Organic metals and superconductors. Organic compounds and assemblies of organic or inorganic compounds capable to form metallic state in solid substance.
  
• 
  Organic compounds characteristic of non linear optical effects. Constitution factors which determine large hyperpolarizability of molecules. Photorefraction.
  
• 
  Materials and devices for electroluminicsence.
  

Literature:

1. 
   Siliņš E. Organiskie pusvadītāji. - Rīga: Liesma, 1968. - 80 lpp.
   
2. 
   Eiduss J., Siliņš E. Fotonika. - Rīga: Liesma, 1974. - 128 lpp.
   
3. 
   Симон Ж., Андре Ж.-Ж. Молекулярные полупроводники. - Москва: Мир, 1988. - 342 c.
   

Additional literature

4. 
   Organic Conductors: Fundamentals and applications / ed. by J.-P. Farges. - New York: Marcel Dekker Inc.,1994. - 854 p.
   
5. 
   Electrical and Related Properties of Organic Solids / ed. by R.W.Munn, A.Minewicz, B.Kuchta. - Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. - 450 p.
   
6. 
   Miller J.S., Epstein A.J. Organic and Organometallic Molecular Magnetic Materials—Designer Magnets //Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. -1994. - Vol.33. - P. 385-415.
   
7. 
   Marder S.R., et al. Large First Hyperpolarizabilities in Push-Pull Polyenes by Tuning of the Bond Length Alternation and Aromaticity // Science. -1 994. - Vol.263. -P. 511-514.
   
8. 
   Garito A., Rui Fang Shi, Wu M. Nonlinear Optics of Organic and Polymer Materials // Physics Today. - 1994. - May. - P. 51-57.
   
9. 
   Luping Yu, Wai Kin Chan, Zhonghua Peng, Ali Gharavi. Multifunctional Polymers Exibiting Photorefractive Effects // Acc. Chem. Res. - 1996. - Vol.29. - P.13-21.
   

Supramolecular Organic Chemistry

ĶOĶ 524

Professor Raimonds Valters

Course description: 2Credit units; 32 hours (16 lectures, 16 practice)

Control forms: test
Course content:

• 
  Supramolecular chemistry (supramolecular science) as interdisciplinary subject.
  
• 
  Main functions of the supramolecular structures, non-covalent intermolecular interactions.
  
• 
  Podands, coronands (crown ethers), cryptands and spherands. Methods of synthesis of macrocyclic ligands. Properties of crown compounds, their polarity, its inversion and solubility in hydrophilic and lipophilic media. Host guest complexes of crown ethers with metal cations, their stability and formation selectivity. Topology of macrocyclic ligands. Podates, coronates and cryptates. Complexes with molecular cations, chiroselective complex formation. Complexes with anions and neutral guest molecules.
  
• 
  Use of crown compounds in organic synthesis: activation of anions, phase transfer catalysis, influence of cation complexation on the reactivity of ambidentate anions, influence of crown compounds on the mechanism of ,-elimination. Stereodifferentiation reactions with chiral macrocyclic ligands.
  
• 
  Use of crown compounds for chemical analysis. Selective ion extraction, ion-exchange chromatography, ion-selective electrodes, selective carrier induced transport of ions through membranes. Chromoionophores and fluoroionophores.
  
• 
  Multi-nuclear host guest complexes. Macrobicyclic binuclear cryptates. Lateral macrobicyclic cryptates. Binuclear cryptates of cylindrical macrotricyclic ligands. Speleands.
  
• 
  Siderophores. -spherands and -prismands, deltaphane and their complexes with metal cations. Catenanes, catenands and catenates. Cyclodextrins, their use in organic chemistry and biochemistry. Cycloveratrilenes. Calixarenes. Carcerand. Dendrimers, their synthesis and applications. Clathrates (inclusion compounds, their applications. Liquid crystals. Thermotropic and liotropic liquid crystalline structures. Smectic, nematic and holesteric liquid crystalline structures. Applications of liquid crystals
  

Literature:

1. 
   R.Valters. Supramolecular Chemistry. An Introduction. (In Latvian). Riga Technical University, 1997, 78 p.
   
2. 
   F.Vögtle. Supramolecular Chemistry. An Introduction. Chichester: Wiley, 1991, 337 p.
   
3. 
   Host Guest Complex Chemistry Macromolecules. Synthesis, Structures, Applications. Editors F.Vögtle and E.Weber. Translated in Russian. Moscow: Mir, 1988, 511 p.
   

Further Readings:

4. 
   D.J.Cram and J.M.Cram. Container Molecules and Their Guests. Cambridge: Roy. Soc. Chem., 1994, 223 p.
   
5. 
   C.D.Gutsche. Calixarenes. Cambridge: Roy. Soc. Chem. 1989, 223 p.
   
6. 
   J.M.Lehn. Supramolecular Chemistry. Concepts and Perspectives. Weinheim:VCH, 1995, 271 p.
   

Quantum chemistry

ĶOĶ 525