“chemical engineering”

Assistant Professor Sarma Valtere

Course description: 2Credit units; 32 hours (32 lectures)

Control forms: test
Course content:

• 
  General principles of the environmental chemistry. Principles of the environmental toxicology.
  
• 
  Characteristics of the biogenic chemical elements, micro- and macroelements.
  
• 
  Chemical and physico-chemical processes in diferent spheres. The living processes and the bio-geo-chemical cycles.
  
• 
  How society interacts with natural material flows - global antropogenic flows: the unbalanced carbon cycle, the increased nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur flows.
  
• 
  The main xenobiotics: heavy metals, radionuclides, synthetic organic substances. Response to xenobiotics: chemical carcinogenesis and mutagenesis.
  
• 
  Air pollution: the main antropogenic pollutants. Photochemical chain reactions, photochemical smog. Depletion of stratospheric ozone. Climatic changes. Acidification of environment.
  
• 
  Water and land pollution. Charakteristics of natural water resources. Sources of water pollution: municipal sewage, industrial wastewaters.
  
• 
  Pollution controle: pollution prevention in the sources (cleaner technologies, alternative row materials) purification of flue gases, wastewater treatment, waste disposal and recycling, treatment of hazardous waste.
  

Literature:

1. 
   M. Klavins. Environmental Chemistry. Chemical Pollutants and their cycles (In Latvian). University of Latvia, Riga, 1996, 298 p.
   
2. 
   S. Valtere. Water chemistry (In Latvian). Riga Politechnical Institute, 1987, 66 p.
   

Further Readings:

1. 
   S.F.Zakrzewski. Principles of Environmental Toxicology. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1991, 270 p.
   
2. 
   S.Karlsson, C.Azar, G.Berndes, J.Holmberg, K.Lindgren. Man and Materials Flows. The Baltic University Programme A Sustainable Baltic Region, Booklet N 3, Uppsala Publishing House, 1997, 52 p.
   

Chromatographic METHODS OF ANALYSIS

ĶNF 514

Associated Professor Augusts Ruplis

Course description: 2 Credit units; 32 hours (32 laboratories)

Control forms: test
Course content:

• 
  Origination and development of chromatography
  
• 
  Classification of chromatographic methods
  
• 
  Principle of crhomatography
  
• 
  Chromathography on solid phase
  
• 
  Gas-solid ghromatography
  
• 
  Liquid-solid chromatography
  
• 
  Ion-exchange chromatography
  
• 
  Thin-layer and paper chromatography
  
• 
  Bonded phase chromatography
  
• 
  Chromatography on liquid phase
  
• 
  Gas- liquid chromatography
  
• 
  Liquid-liquid chromatography
  
• 
  Size-exclusion chromatography
  

Literature:

1. 
   A. Ruplis Chromatography
   
2. 
   B. A. Aivazovskij Vvedenije v hromatografiju , Moskva, Visšaja Škola,1983, 240
   
3. 
   C. F. Pool, S.K. Pool Chromatography Today, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1998, 1026
   
4. 
   K.A. Rubinson, J. F. Rubinson Instrumental Analysis, London, 2000, 840
   
5. 
   J.H. Kennedy Analitical Chemistry Principles, New York, Saunder College Publishing, 1990, 936 (713-782)
   

Stereochemistry

ĶOĶ 416
Professor Ojārs Neilands.

Course description: 4 Credit units; 64 hours ( 32 lectures, 32 practice).

Control forms: 2.eksāmeni.
Course content:

• 
  Configuration and conformation of molecules. Chirality. Enantiomers and diastereomers. Stereochemical nomenclature.
  
• 
  Asimmetric atoms of tetrahedral configuration (C, Si, N, P, S). Molecules with two and more asimmetric centra. Chiral axis and chiral plane.
  
• 
  Racemates and their resolution.
  
• 
  Stereoselectivity in chemical reactions.Stereospecific reactions.Enantiomeric excess.
  
• 
  Prochirality. Enantiotopic and diastereotopic ligands and faces.
  
• 
  The conception of stereodifferentiation . Induction of stereoselectivity.
  
• 
  Stereoselective formation of bond C-H in protonation, hydrogenation, reduction, hydride ion transfer reactions.
  
• 
  Stereoselective formation of bond C-C in alkylation, nucleophylic addition, pericyclic reactions.
  
• 
  Stereoselective formation of bond C-O in epoxidation and dihydroxylation reactions.
  
• 
  Stereoselective formation of bond C-N in aziridination and aminohydroxylation reactions.
  
• 
  Stereoselective synthesis and racemates kinetic resolution, a comparison of methods and practical use.
  

Literature:

1. 
   D.V.Gjnfgjd. Cnthtj[bvbz. -Vjcrdf: {bvbz.- 1988. - 463 cnh.
   
2. 
   Yjvtyrkfnhyst ghfdbkf B?GFR gj [bvbb> Njv 3 Jhufybxtcrfz [bvbz Dscjrjvjktrekzhyst cjtlbytybz Gjkenjv 2.- Vjcrdf: DBYBNB> 1983.- cnh. 5 - 118 .
   
3. 
   V. Yjuhflb. Cnthtjctktrnbdysq cbyntp.- Vjcrdf: Vbh> 1989.- 406 cnh.
   
4. 
   E.L.Eliel, S.H.Wilen, L.N.Mander.- Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds. New-York: John Wiley&Sons, 1994.- 1267 p.
   
5. 
   Atta-ur-Rahman, Z.Shah. Stereoselective Synthesis in Organic Chemistry Berlin, New-York: Springer Verlag, 1994.- 522 p.
   

Physical Methods of the Investigation of Chemical Compounds

ĶOĶ 427

Professor Raimonds Valters

Course description: 2Credit units, 32 hours (16 lectures, 16 practice)

Control forms: Exam
Course content:

• 
  General principles of the physical methods of the investigation of chemical compounds. Classification of the methods. Electromagnetic radiation and its interaction with the substance.
  
• 
  Optical spectroscopic methods: molecular electronic absorption spectroscopy, molecular luminescence, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, atomic emission and absorption spectroscopy. Chirooptical methods: polarimetry and optical rotation dispersion.
  
• 
  Radio spectroscopic methods:¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Resonance phenomenon. ¹H and ¹³C chemical shifts, ¹H,¹H spin-spin coupling. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy.
  
• 
  Ionization methods: mass spectrometry.
  
• 
  X-ray diffraction structure analysis.
  

Literature:

1. 
   G.W.Ewing. Instrumental methods of chemical analysis. 5^th ed. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1985 (Russian translation, 1989)
   
2. 
   R.Valters. Applications of infra-red spectroscopy to the structure analysis of organic compounds (In Latvian). Riga Technical University, 1990, 81 p.
   
3. 
   R.Valters. Applications of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to organic chemistry (In Latvian). Riga Technical University, 1991, 110 p.
   
4. 
   R.Valters. Applications of electronic absorption spectroscopy to organic chemistry (In Latvian). Riga Technical University, 1992, 81 p.
   
5. 
   R.Valters. Applications of mass spectrometry to organic chemistry (In Latvian). Riga Technical University, 1993, 105 p.
   
6. 
   R.M.Silverstein, G.C.Bassler, Th.C.Morrill. Spectrometric identification of organic compounds. 3^rd ed. Wiley, New York, 1974 (Russian translation 1977)
   

Spectroscopic Data Tables:

1. 
   A.J.Gordon, R.A.Ford. The Chemist's companion (A Handbook of practical data, techniques and references). Wiley, New York, 1972 (Russian translation 1976)
   
2. 
   E.Pretsch, Th.Clerc, J.Seibl, W.Simon. Spectral data for structure determination of organic compounds. 2^nd ed., Springer, London, 1989.
   

Problem Books:

1. 
   L.D.Field, S.Sternhell, J.R.Kalman. Organic Structures from Spectra. 2^nd ed., Wiley, Chichester, 1995.
   

Further Readings:

1. 
   E.A.V.Ebsworth, D.W.H.Rankin and S.Cradock. Structural methods in inorganic chemistry. Blackwell Sci. Publ., Oxford, 1987.
   

Physical Methods of the Investigation of Organic Compounds