Chapter I the techniques in teaching and learning vocabulary

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Content

Introduction

Chapter I The techniques in teaching and learning vocabulary………………….….

1.1. The importance and types of vocabularly in learning and teaching…………….

1.2. Increasing vocabularly knowledge through interactive methods……………….

1.3. Ways of determining the vocabulary comprehension and remembering…….…

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………..

Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………

Appendix…………………………………………………………………………….


Introduction

Vocabulary, as one of the knowledge areas in language, plays a great role for learners in acquiring a language. Vocabulary is predominant in improving one's communicative skill. Language is more powerful when it is being used perfectly. Teachers should consider the background of learners and aid them to learn and develop their vocabulary in many interesting ways especially through games. This paper deals with a productive and a logical study, done on students to improve the vocabulary of first generation learners through games. Print and visual media help learners to acquire more words interestingly. Knowing a language implies the mastery of basic speech sounds grammatical pattern and essential vocabulary through the four basic skills listening, speaking, reading and writing. Adequate knowledge of vocabulary is one of the causes of failure of students in educational institutions. The English teacher plays a predominant role to help her students to acquire sufficient vocabulary to comprehend. Language is more powerful when it is being used perfectly. The more it is used, the better it is learnt. Students should be given opportunities to speak in English with their known vocabulary. Teacher should motivate students to speak and never highlight their grammatical mistakes openly but personally.To know how to use the words and sentence structure one should have a close observation of the language. Ability to use words and expressions is the reward to students. In class, students should be trained to pay due attention to words and make them to be familiar with the meanings, the ways in which they combine with their words and connotation. Teacher should provide students with opportunities to help them acquire mastery over the usage of words. Students want something holistic, something exciting and something new with a slice of life in it. Selection of vocabulary is essential to improvise the spoken and written form of students. Proper attention should be taken in selecting the words and the methods to be followed in the classroom. Popular and useful words should be given prime preference. The first generation learners have a disadvantage of not having 'high exposure' to the target language. Many a student thinks that knowing English and speaking English is meant for elite group or 'English medium' students. An English teacher should shield herself with many innovative and interesting techniques, as a result students will muster confidence to face any challenges attributed to communication. In English language teaching, many techniques and methods are adopted by teachers to make students to learn the language successfully. Students' fear for the language should be eroded, by giving them opportunity to learn the language at ease. Visual aid is important tool for learning. A sense of wonder is not something that takes language forward. Apart from stimulating the imagination, such methods help students remember concepts, as learning is linked to real life experience. Such learning happens after a student is directly involved in day-to-day activities. English teaching should develop the soft skills for vocabulary of the learners. Such teachings should aid students to break their shells and lease new energy and confidence. Arrive to a point where you would give appropriate vocabulary and situation to students so that they can speak English accurately rather then fluently. These students had no English background at home but a little knowledge in school helped them to understand some words in English.

The actuality of course work.

Nowadays English is an international language. For this reason, students need to develop Vocabulary to learn English language.Vocabulary is one of the factors that support students for mastering language skills, namely listening, speaking, reading, and writing. In listening, students may not understand the conversation well. In speaking they cannot communicate well without vocabulary, in reading students may not understand the text, and in writing students may not write our idea. All of those problems are caused students do not master the vocabulary. In other words, vocabulary is essential to be necessary for mastering the other language skills.Vocabulary, as one of the language components, it is an important component for students to be learned since it builds up communication. People cannot send their message or express their ideas to others, nor can they have a good grip on what other people say if they do not master vocabulary. Shepherd states that vocabulary is one of the most significant aspects of language development. Without vocabulary, language communication cannot be delivered and does not develop properly. In other words, vocabulary is the biggest influence in language. Vocabulary is central to English language teaching because without adequate vocabulary students cannot understand others or express their own ideas. Thornburry also adds, by quoting David Wilkins, that without grammar very little can be conveyed, but without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed. Particularly as students develop greater fluency and expression in English, it is significant for them to acquire more productive vocabulary knowledge and to develop their own personal vocabulary learning strategies. Students normally recognize the importance of vocabulary in their language learning. Sometimes they are more difficult to understand the meaning of words than the grammar of the word itself. As Schmitt noted, “learners carry around dictionaries and not grammar books”.From those explanations, it can be concluded that how important vocabulary knowledge is in language acquisition. By developing vocabulary knowledge, students are able to master other language skills. Because without vocabulary knowledge, students are not able to write, read, speak and listen to other people's opinions or ideas. Without vocabulary knowledge, students are not able to communicate well with others in language .

The aims of course work.

Engage students in actively thinking about word meanings, the relationships among words, and how we can use words in different situations. This type of rich, deep instruction is most likely to influence comprehension. To show several to demonstrate the ways that can be reason of teaching used for teaching vocabulary to young learners in young learners extraordinary ways.The object subject the process of the usage of learning a Vocabulary in foreign teaching language pupils’ through language Vocabulary skills. How to teach vocabulary

Step 1: Provide a description, explanation or example of the new term.

Step 2: Ask students the description, explanation or example in their own words.

Step 3: Ask students to construct a picture, symbol, or graphic representing the term or phrase.

Step 4: Engage students periodically in activities that help them add to their knowledge of the terms in their notebooks.

Step 5: Periodically ask student to discuss the term with a partner

Step 6: Involve students periodically in games that allow them to play with terms.

It gives your child the ability to say what he or she means. By having several words at their disposal for describing an event or emotion, they can be explicit when sharing their ideas and opinions.

It helps your child understand what other people are saying and what she/he is reading. Vocabulary is the foundation for comprehension. Unfamiliar words become holes in the text, preventing your child from completely understanding what he or she has just read.

It bolsters their ability to grasp ideas and think more logically. The greater number of words your child has, the more he or she can interpret ideas from others, and express their own ideas.

It boosts your child’s power of persuasion. Having a rich vocabulary will help your child communicate in a more engaging way. Relying on one or two words to describe an idea will be repetitive and not as persuasive, as relying on a vocabulary of 10-15 similarly descriptive terms.

It helps your child make a good impression on others. How articulate your child is constitutes a big part of the impression she or he makes on others.

The practical value of course work.

If vocabulary learning became more active with activities like games, students would not face any difficulties. However, reflections from my own experience, observations of other teachers' classes and interviews reveal that sometimes games create problems for both students and teachers. Games cannot be successful if the teacher does not explain the tasks and roles of students clearly in playing games and provide a quick and total comprehension of what students have to do in order to avoid confusion. 22% of those who resort to games to teach vocabulary regularly complain that their students take much time to understand the instructions and their roles. Sometimes, instead of guessing, teacher is obliged to give the full instructions.At the same time 31.33% students ask for clear instructions by the teacher.A volunteer teacher working at CEGI Abomey once told me that “sometimes she failed to make her students understand the games' rules”. Her students felt embarrassed because they did not know how the games went and what procedures they had to follow. Fortunately, some of her students were able to find out what they had to do in the games and re-explained to their classmates. Since then, the games went smoothly. Teachers should innovate and create different fun activities in order to make their classes more interesting and enjoyable.