11
1.3
VEHICULAR NETwORk STANDARDIzATION
directive the European Commission has to adopt specifications to address the compatibility, interoper-
ability, and continuity of ITS solutions across the European Union.
ETSI has published the first release of standards for the initial deployment of C-ITS, which will
enable vehicles made by different manufacturers to communicate with each other and with road infra-
structure systems. ETSI ITS Committee (TC ITS) is a prominent initiative
to achieve global standards
for C-ITS that will empower vehicles made by different companies to communicate with each other
and with the road infrastructure arrangements. In order to be productive, ETSI along with the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN), and in response to the European Commission (EC) Mandate
M/453, has published the first set of standards to enable the initial deployment of C-ITS in 2014, called
Release 1. Also, the committee has begun the work on the requirements for Release 2. In Release 2 nu-
merous novel features and functionalities will be included with the specifications to safeguard suscep-
tible road users such as
cyclists and motorcycle riders, for cooperative adaptive cruise control (C-ACC)
and for platooning. ETSI has also started work on mitigation procedures to avoid interference between
European CEN Dedicated Short-Range Communication equipment and ITS. Other efforts comprise lo-
cal dynamic maps, cross-layer decentralized congestion control (DCC) for the management of C-ITS,
and intersection collision risk warning (ICRW).
ETSI has published two new European Standards for ITS: the specification of Cooperative Aware-
ness Basic Service (EN 302 637-2) and the specification of decentralized
Environmental Notification
(DEN) Basic Service (EN 302 637-3). They outline the message sets required for running C-ITS safety
essential applications. The Cooperative Awareness Service allows the exchange of data between road
users and roadside infrastructure, providing the positions, dynamics, and attributes that are required. In
an ITS environment the road users can be cars, trucks, motorcycles, bicycles,
or perhaps pedestrians,
whereas margin infrastructure instrumentality includes road signs and traffic lights. Creating aware-
ness is the basic necessity for road safety and traffic influence applications. The application mentioned
earlier is often achieved by the regular exchange of data from the vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) network,
and between vehicles to infrastructure (V2I and I2V) network supported by various communication
technologies. Henceforth, EN 302 637-2 specifies the syntax and semantics of the CAM and provides
elaborated specifications for message handling in ITS.
The DEN (EN 302 637-3) supports road hazard warning in ITS environment. The DENM contains
information associated with a road hazard or contains uncharacteristic traffic condition information.
Usually
in ITS application, a message is sent to ITS stations that are located at a particular region to
direct V2V or V2I communications, in order to alert commuters of a dangerous incident. From the road
user’s point of view the message is processed, and the application enable assessment of the possibili-
ties. Published as Technical Specifications in Release 1
of ETSI ITS, the standards are already taken
into consideration. The feedback from testing ability workshops organized by ETSI for the trade as
well as the feedback from ITS implementation emphasize the need of the above-mentioned standards.
These two European Standards pave the way to new applications that will offer safer and more efficient
driving conditions for the vehicular paradigm.
Standards for C-ITS are established by the experienced technical committees of CEN and ETSI.
These technical committees bring together experts from that automotive industry, including car manu-
facturers as well as infrastructure system suppliers. In order to move forward,
progressive work has
been undertaken by the technical committee to develop the next package of standards. Some of the
research projects funded by the European Union such as eCoMove, Drive C2X, and COMeSafety
are major contributors to the standards committees. On the other hand infrastructure manufactures
