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Conclusion:
Mainly the river basin agencies and sub-river basin agencies
are responsible for both water allocation and water forecasting.
They need to have analyzation of the water availability at the
resources based on the precipitation and recorded flow data
at the river basin. To maximize water efficiency and increase
agricultural productivity, it is a need to take these kinds of
actions and combat climate change impacts on the water
resources. The flow data and precipitations show variability
at the basin which has a direct impact on different sectors
and all water users. The river basin agencies need to make
decisions and update their planning based on the predicted
water situation which the water allocation has a direct link
with the available water at the source to be equally shared
between all users and sectors considering for environmental
protections. There are challenges on data collections and
water allocation, but need to be taken decisions on all water
activities like the recent variability on water resources
requires suitable action and planning. The methods which
are explained and discussed could be used in all river basin
and its result depends on the quality of the data which are
using as input data. The water forecasting helps the farmers to
know about the water situation and they could take decision
what to cultivate, for example, if the water year situation
is wet, they could cultivate rice, but if it is normal or dry,
they need to think about their crop types and cultivate the
crops which require less water. The experience shows that
the conflicts on the water will be existing and even increased
if there is no great water allocation and forecasting from the
responsible organization which we have (MEW, RBA, and
SBA) in Afghanistan. Of course, the RBA and SBA need
to know about all water requirements and mainly data and
information on the main water consumer which is irrigation
lands in their river basins, these kinds of activities would help
to increase the agricultural products, reduce the conflicts on
water, and improve equitable water sharing inside the country
and be shared enough water for riparian countries as the Panj-
Amu river basin is transboundary river basin, as competition
over water resources between the various water uses and users
has increased rapidly, especially during the dry season.
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