Category of voice in modern english



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CATEGORY OF VOICE IN MODERN ENGLISH kurssss

Spare a little time. Go down the field and tell them to begin.
Mind the whitewash!
In the 1st and 3rd person the combination infinitive, an equivalent of the imperative, is used:
Let him do this work. Let the boys get their boat out. Let her translate the leading article. Let us leave this place.
In Armenian these can be rendered assertively or prohibitively.
Assertive commands are mainly expressed by the imperative mood, which has two second – person forms in Armenian: singular and plural.
1. Imperative Singular:
a) Regular verbs form their singular imperative forms by replacing the infinitive endings –ել with –ի՛ր, and –ալ with –ա՛.
Երգել – Երգի՛ր: Կարդալ –Կարդա՛:
b) Verbs with the suffixes -ան – -են -, -ն – and -չ – form the singular imperative by adding to the aorist stem the ending –ի՛ր.
հեռանալ –հեռացա–հեռացի՛ր
c) Verbs with the causative suffix -ցն – add to the aorist stem the ending –ու՛.
Հասկացնել –հասկացրի–հասկացրու՛
2. Imperative Plural
a) Regular verbs are derived from the aorist stem and take the ending –ե՛ք:
երգել –երգեցի –երգեցե՛ք
b) Irregular verbs normally use the aorist stem for both singular and plural imperatives:
գալ –եկա–ե՛կ or արի՛/ եկե՛ք
2. The subject of an imperative is seldom expressed unless it is emphatic. In Old English the pronoun-subject was generally placed after the verb. This word order is still found in some set phrases: Look you! Mind you! Go you!
In Modern English it is placed before the verb in the usual place of the subject:
You take my place on the bench. You keep up fire. You sit here. You bring my book to-morrow. Never you mind what I came here for. «You go,» Madeleine said, «while Dick and I stay here and make tea.»
3. The negative imperative is formed by means of the auxiliary to do even if we have the verb to be which in the indicative mood does not require that auxiliary:

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