Cambridge ielts 1-15 series reading answers explained

B.
8. Answer: C
Explain 
· Key words: section, society, preferential, treatment 
· In paragraph I, the Jacksonian view is that “we do not need or want any institutions that might lead 
to favouring one group over another”. 
· The answer is 
C
· Preferential treatment = favour 
· Section = group 
9. Answer: B
Explain 
· Key words: people, gain, benefits, basis, achieve 
· According to Jeffersonian view in paragraph H, “people are rewarded for what they accomplish”. 
· The answer is 
B
· Gain benefits = be rewarded 
· Achieve = accomplish 
10. Answer: A
Explain 
· Key words: variation, intelligence, birth 
· According to paragraph G, the Hamiltonian view is that “people are born with different levels of 
intelligence”, which means variation in intelligence begins at birth. 
· So the answer is 
A.
· Variation = different 
11. Answer: A
Explain 

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464 
· Key words: more intelligent, positions, power 
· The Hamiltonian view, still in paragraph G, suggests that the more intelligent should keep the less 
intelligent “in line”, which means they should be in control. They hold the positions of power like 
government officials or philosopher-kings. Thus, 
· The answer is 
A.
12. Answer: C
Explain 
· Key words: everyone, develop, same, abilities 
· According to Jacksonian view in paragraph I, people are equal in terms of their competencies. This 
means that everyone can have the same abilities to serve as well as another in any position. 
· Same = equal 
· Abilities = competencies 
13. Answer: A
Explain 
·
Key words: low intelligence, uncontrolled, lives
· According to Hamiltonian theory in paragraph G, the unintelligent would create chaos if left to 
themselves. This means that their lives are uncontrolled. 
· Low intelligence = unintelligent 
· Uncontrolled = chaos