Bo`sh o`zlashtiruvchi o`quvchi-fanlarni davlat ta`lim standartlarida belgilab qo`yilgan darajada o`zlashtira olmayotgan,bilim olishga ishtiyoqi pasayib ketgan,o`ziga ishonchi yo`qolgan o`quvchi

Hozirgi tugaiiangan zamonining ishlatilishi

1. 
   Present Perfect gapirilayotgan vaqtdan oldin tugagan , natijasi ko'z oldimizda bo‘lgan ish-harakatni ifodalash uchun ishlatfladi. Ish-harakat ancha oldin tugagan bo‘lishi mumkin, bunda asosiy e‘tibor vaqtga emas natijaga qaratiladi.
   

I have broken my pencil. Qalamimni sindirib qo‘ydim.

2. 
   Present Perfect bir necha marta takrorlangan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi. I have read that book twice. Men o‘sha kitobni ikki marta o‘qiganman.
   
3. 
   Present Perfect ko'pincha quyidagi ravishlar bilan ishlatiladi: ever (biror vaqt), never (hech qac‘non), often (tez-tez, ko‘pincha), already (allaqaehon), yet (haii,allaqachon), iatly (yaqmda)just (hozirgina).
   

I have often been there. Men u verda tez-tez bo‘lib turaman.
O‘tgan tugallangan zamon (The past perfect tense)

1. 
   The past perfect tense to have fe'lining o'tgan zamon shakli had va asosiy fe‘lning o'tgan zamon sifatdoshi yordamida yasaladi:
   

Ega + had + P.P

2. 
   . The past perfect tense bo'lishsiz shaklini yasash uchun had yordamchi fe‘li dan keyin not inkor yuklamasini qo‘yamiz:
   

Ega + had not + P.P

3. 
   The past perfect tense ning so‘roq shaklini yasash uchun had yordamchi fe‘lini eganing o'diga qo‘yamiz:
   

Had + Ega + P.P

O'tgan tugaiiangan zamonning ishlatilishi

1. 
   Past Perfect o‘tgan zamondagi biror vaqtdan oldin tamom bo'lgan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi.O‘tgan zamondagi bu vaqt quyidagicha berilishi mumkin:
   

By 5 o'clock (soat beshgacha), by Saturday (s'nanbagacha)

Simple Past biian ifodalangan o‘tgan zanondagi ikkinchi bir ishnarakati bilan: We had not reached the station when it began to rain. Yomg‘ir yog‘a boshlaganda biz stansiyaga yetib bormagan edik. Ish-harakatni sodir

bo‘lgan vaqt Past Perfect ishlatilgan gapga emas, boshqa gapga ham bo‘lishi mumkin

As I was going to the station it began to rain. Fortunately I had taken an umbrella and (had) put on a coat . Stansiyada

borar ekanman yomg‘ir yog a boshladi. Bahtimga soyabon olgan va palto kiygan ekanman.

2. 
   Ikki yoki undan ortiq oldinma-kctin sodir bo‘lgan ish harakatni sodir bo‘lish tartibida bayon qilish bo‘limb ulardan oldin sodir bo‘lgan ish-harakati kelsa o‘sha ish-harakat Past Perfect da ishlatiladi:
   

He came home late in the evening He had visited the Museum of Fine Arts and had been to the concert He had supper read the newspaper and feeling tired, went to bed.

U uyga kechqurun kech kcldi. U son‘al muzeyiga bordi va konsertda bo‘lgan edi. U kechki ovqatini yedi, gazetani o ‘qidi va charchab joyiga yotdi.

Misolga came, had supper, read, went,lo bed harakatiari oldinma ketin sodir bo‘ladi, had. visited va had been harakatiari esa ulardan oldin sodir bo‘lgan.

3. 
   After-(-dan keyin) bilan bogTangan ergash gapda Past Perfect ishlatiladi:
   

After the sun set, we decided to return home. After the cases had been counted, I left the warehouse. Quyosh botgandan keying biz uyga qaytishga qaror qildik. Qutilar sanab bo‘lingandan keyin men omboraan chiqdim.
Ikki ish-harakatni biri ikkinchidan oldin sodir bo'lganligini ta'kidlash zaruratni bo‘lmaganda after ishlatilgan gapda ham Simple Past ishlatiladi:
After he turned off the light, he left the room. After he signed the letter, he asked the secretary to send it off. Chiroqni o'chirgach u xonadan chiqdi.Xatni imzoiagandan keyin u kotibaga xatni jo natib yuborishni aytib.

4. 
   Whendan keyin odatda. Simple Past ishlatiladi.Lekin When-dan keyin ma‘nosida kelganida When bilan boshlangan gapda Past Perfect ishlatiladi:
   

When they had gone, he began to work.

5. 
   Before bilan boshlangan ergash gapli qo'shma gapning bosh gapida Past perfect, ergash gapida Simple Past, ishlatiladi.
   

I had finished my work before he returned.

6. 
   Tarkibida hardiy, scarcely, no sooner ravishlari bo‘lgan qo‘shma gapning bosh gapida Past Perfect va ergash gapida simple Past ishlatiladi:
   

He had hardly entered the house, when it started to rain. - Yomg‘ir yog‘a boshlaganda u uyga arang kirib olgan edi.

Kelasi tugallangan zamon (The future perfect tense)

1. 
   Future perfect zamoni to have fe‘lining kelasi zamondagi shakli ( shall have, will have ) va asosiv fe‘lning o‘tgan zamon sifatdoshi yordamida yasaladi:
   

Ega + shall/will have + P.P

2. 
   Future perfectning bo‘lishsiz shakii shall yoki will yordamchi fe‘liaridan keyin not inkor yuklamasini qo‘yish bilan yasaladi:
   

Ega + shall/will have + P.P

3. 
   Future perfectning so‘roq shakli shall yoki will m egadan oldinga o‘tkazish bilan yasaladi Shall/will + ega + have + P.P
   

Kelasi tugallangan zamontiing ishlatilishi.

1. 
   Future perfect kelasi zamondagi biror vaqtdan oldin tamom bo‘ladigan ish harakatni ifodalaydi. Kelasi zamondagi bu vaqt quyidagicha berilishi mumkin:
   

1. 
   by 5 o‘clock( soai beshgacha), by Saturday ( shanbagacha)
   
2. 
   payt vas hart ergash gapda Simple Present bilan ifodalangan kelasi zamondagi ikkinchi bir ishharakat bilan: