Безымянный indd

Keywords:
Linguistic personality, verbal-semantic, linguopragmatic, linguocognitive, dis-
course.
In the second half of the 20th century, linguists began to explore the role of the human factor in 
language, taking a fresh look at issues such as language and thinking, the national language, language 
and worldview of a particular ethnic group, and linguistic personality. Etc. As one of the active forms 
of knowing the truth, language gives us a true picture of the world that humanity has been searching 
for centuries. Based on this, the problem of studying the linguistic personality, which is the core of 
the worldview, arose.
Recent research in the field of communicative linguistics has opened up prospects for the study of 
the linguistic personality problem. Today, linguists are speaking more and more convincingly about 
language as a way of communicating between people in the process of human interaction. Linguistic 
personality analysis inevitably leads to the study of a basic concept - the study of the individual.
The aim of the work is to analyze the main directions in the study of linguistic personality in 
modern linguistics.
Cultural studies have long had a tendency to study man in depth: his nature, appearance, inner 
world, mentality, and so on. One of the current areas of research is the understanding of human phe-
nomenon through natural languages. Language, in this case, is not only a means of communication, a 
means of conveying and expressing ideas, but also a system in which a conceptual image of the world 
is formed.
Attempts to highlight the features of speech activity have led to the emergence of a new object of 
study in science - the linguistic personality. From the point of view of the anthropocentric paradigm, 
man studies the world by informing himself, his theoretical and objective activity, by defining the hi
-
erarchy of values manifested in speech, and the focus is on the mother speaker - the linguistic person.
To date, different approaches to the study of linguistic personality are known: polylectal (multi-
human) and idiolect (private verbal) person (v, p, Neroznak), ethnosemantic person (SG Vorkachev), 
semiological person (AG Baranov), Russian linguistic personality (Yu.N. Karaulov), linguistic per-
sonality of Western and Eastern cultures (TN Snitko) and others.
1. The concept of “linguistic personality”
At the heart of modern anthropocentric linguistics is the notion of a ‘linguistic person’, i.e. a 
person capable of performing speech actions. It was first introduced to science by VV Vinogradov. 
The scholar approached the concept of a linguistic personality through the study of the language of 
fiction. The logic of the development of the concepts of «image of the author» and «artistic image», 
which is central to the scientific work of VV Vinogradov, is the linguist, the artistic image and the 
image of the author. The first descriptions of certain linguistic personalities also belong to the pen of 
VV Vinogradov.
The very concept of linguistic personality is G.I. The goddess, she created a model of linguistic 
personality, in which man was viewed in terms of his «readiness to perform speech actions, to create 

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and receive speech works.» This concept has been widely used by Yu.N. Linguistics is a person who 
has the ability to create and comprehend different texts, Karaulov believes: “a) the level of structural 
and linguistic complexity; b) depth and accuracy of reflection of reality; c) targeting”.
Yu.N. Karaulov developed a hierarchical model of a linguistic personality based on a literary text. 
Linguistic personality has three constituent levels. The first level reflects the level of verbal-semantic 
(semantic-combative, invariant), simple language proficiency. The second level is cognitive, where the 
realization and identification of relevant knowledge and ideas specific to a society (linguistic entity) 
and the creation of a collective and (or) individual cognitive space. This degree is meant to reflect the 
linguistic model of the individual’s world, his thesaurus, and culture. The third - the highest level - is 
practical. Linguistics involves identifying and describing the motives and goals that drive a person’s 
development. Consequently, the coding and decoding of information occurs under the influence of three 
levels of ‘communicative space of the individual’ - verbal-semantic, cognitive and pragmatic.
The concept of the three-tier structure of the linguistic personality is in some way interrelated 
with the three types of communicative needs - communicative, informative and affective, as well as 
the three aspects of the communication process - communicative, interactive and perceptive.
The hierarchical model reflects the generalized personality type. There may be many specific 
linguistic entities; they differ in the importance of each level in the composition of the individual. 
Thus, the linguistic entity is a multi-layered and multi-component paradigm of speech individuals. 
At the same time, the speech person is a linguistic person in the real communication paradigm, in his 
activity. The national-cultural identity of the linguistic personality and the national-cultural identity 
of communication are manifested at the level of the spoken person.
The composition of a linguistic personality includes the following components:
1) the value, ideological, component of the content of education, i.e. the value system or vital 
meanings. Language provides an initial and in-depth look at the world, shapes the linguistic image 
of the world, and forms a hierarchy of spiritual ideas that underlie the formation of national character 
and are realized in the process of linguistic dialogue;
2) the culturological component, i.e. the degree of assimilation of culture as an effective means of 
increasing interest in language. Helps to develop the skills of engaging, adequately using and effec-
tively influencing the communication partner of the studied language culture facts related to speech 
rules and non-speech behaviors;
3) the individual component that is present in every human being, i.e., the individual, the deep.
Thus, the concept of “linguistic personality” arises from the projection of the relevant interdisci-
plinary term into the field of linguistics, in the sense that philosophical, sociological, and psychologi
-
cal views are the socially important set of physical and spiritual features that constitute its qualitative 
decision. First of all, «linguistics» - this is understood by man as a native language, derived from the 
ability of speech activity. the set of psychophysical characteristics of a person that enables the pro-
duction and perception of speech works is essentially a speech personality. “Linguistic personality” 
is also understood as a set of characteristics of the verbal behavior of a person who uses language as 
a means of communication - a communicative entity. And finally, the term “linguist person” can be 
understood as a specific “semantic composition” in which the basic national-cultural prototype of a 
person speaking a particular language is largely based on an ideological relationship, reinforced in 
the lexical system., priorities and behavioral reactions reflected in the dictionary - vocabulary, ethno
-
semantic”.
1. Guidelines in describing a linguistic personality
Linguistics is a multi-layered and multi-component paradigm of speech individuals. At the same 
time, the speech person is a linguistic person in the real communication paradigm, in his activity. The 
national and cultural specificity of communication is revealed at the level of the spoken person.
a) the value, worldview, component of the content of education, i.e. the value system or vital 
meanings. Language provides an initial and in-depth look at the world, shapes the linguistic image 
of the world, and forms a hierarchy of spiritual ideas that underlie the formation of national character 
and are realized in the process of linguistic dialogue;

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b) the degree of cultural assimilation as a culturological component, i.e. an effective means of 
increasing interest in language. Helps to develop the skills of engaging, adequately using and effec-
tively influencing the communication partner of the studied language culture facts related to speech 
rules and non-speech behaviors;
c) the individual component, that is, the individual, deep, present in every human being. The pa-
rameters of a linguistic personality are just being developed. It is characterized by a certain stock of 
words that have a certain level of usage, complementing abstract syntactic models. If the models are 
characteristic enough for a particular linguistic representative, then the vocabulary and speech style 
should reflect his or her affiliation to a particular society, the level of knowledge, the type of charac
-
ter, the gender and age, and so on. possible. performing dozens of social roles, speech that is accepted 
in society must be mastered taking into account the rules of etiquette.
The main means of forming a linguistic personality is the socialization of the individual, which 
includes three aspects:
Personal aspect;
The process of incorporating a person into certain social relationships, as a result of which lin-
guistic personality emerges as a form of realization of the cultural and historical knowledge of the 
whole society;
Active speech-thinking activity in accordance with the norms and standards set by this or that 
ethno-linguistic culture.