Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR)
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value. The assessment is carried out by treating a fresh concrete chip with pH indicators. 1%
alcoholic solution of phenolphthalein changes color from colorless (pH = 9.3) to crimson (pH =
10.5); 0.1% aqueous solution of alizarin red - from yellow (pH = 10.1) to lemon (pH = 12.1).
A minute after the application of the indicator solution, measure the depth of concrete
neutralization with a ruler with an accuracy of 1 mm.
The depth of penetration of chlorine ions is determined by wetting a fresh fracture of concrete
with a 1% solution of silver nitrate. Turbidity of the solution indicates the presence of chlorine
ions in the concrete (more than 0.3% of the mass of cement).
The depth of destruction of concrete under the influence of liquid acidic media is determined by
removing the corroded layer with a sharp tool.
The degree of corrosion of the reinforcement is assessed by the nature of the corrosion products
(solid, pitting, spots, thin coating, layered, color and density), the area of surface damage (as a
percentage of the total exposed surface) and the depth of corrosion damage. The latter is
determined with relatively uniform corrosion by the difference (average) of the design and actual
diameters of the reinforcement, divided by 2; in case of pitting corrosion, the depth of the ulcers
is measured with an indicator needle. If the surface of the shaft is lined with a large number of
ulcers, the initial position of the indicator hand can be set using a calibrated plate (such as a
safety razor blade) placed on the sample surface.
For a quantitative assessment of the size of corrosion of the reinforcement, the reinforcement is
opened in 10 structures of the same type, at least in the most corroded sections with a length of 1
m.At each of such sections, the retained diameter of the reinforcement is measured in three
places after removing the corrosion products of steel mechanically, for example, using an emery
wheel, until a smooth, shiny steel surface is obtained.
Opening of prestressed reinforcement (outside the anchorage zone) can be allowed if the
operational loads have extinguished or significantly weakened the concrete compression forces
created by prestressing, which, in particular, may be evidenced by the appearance of transverse
cracks in the area of the prestressed reinforcement or element deflection. and also after the
implementation of the appropriate safety measures.
UKB-1m device: Measures the speed of propagation of an acoustic pulse, the change in its
energy and frequency-amplitude spectrum. The accuracy of measuring the amplitude of the
pulses depends on the reliability of the acoustic contacts of the probes of the device and concrete,
therefore, along with the attenuation coefficient, the nature of the reverberation process in the
section of the element is also determined. When inspecting massive reinforced concrete
structures at low frequencies (20-150 kHz), the sensitivity of the devices is low. However, some
specific defects and damage caused by poor-quality concrete placement, exposure to high and
low temperatures, corrosion, are easily detected.
The areas of the damaged layer are shown by the fracture of the longitudinal hodograph line
(Fig. 2). The thickness of the modified surface layer is found by the formula:
2
1
2
1
5
,
0
V
V
V
V
l
t
a
d
(10)
Where:
a
l
- isthedistancefromtheemittingtransducertothebreakpointofthehodograph;
1
V
and
2
V
-
respectively,the speed of ultrasound in undamaged and damaged concrete layers.
ISSN: 2278-4853 Vol 10, Issue 9, September, 2021 Impact Factor: SJIF 2021 = 7.699
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