Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR)
https://www.tarj.in
623
AJMR
i
j
b
is
d
h
m
r
R
/
)
80
(
(3)
Where:
is
r
-
radiusofthesphericalimprint;
b
m
-
themassofthestriker;
- constant of the device;
j
h
- the height of the elastic rebound;
i
d
- the diameter of the plastic imprint.
Acoustic tests of concrete strength are performed using instruments. At the same time, along
with the strength, the homogeneity of concrete in terms of density, the presence of voids, hidden
defects, and the depth of cracks are assessed.
It is allowed to use various modifications of ultrasonic devices to improve the accuracy and
reliability of their operation.
Of the partially destructive methods for determining the strength of concrete, which do not affect
the serviceability of structures, the method of extracting samples (cores, cubes) from relatively
massive elements with subsequent testing of samples, the method of shearing the rib of the
structure and the method of shearing off with shearing are used. The latter gives the most reliable
results (with preserved smooth surfaces of the element and concrete strength of more than 8
MPa). This method is recommended to be used as a basic method in all cases when it is difficult
to extract a sufficient number of cores or samples of the correct shape for testing by destructive
methods, and the above non-destructive mechanical and acoustic methods are used in
conjunction with the basic one
.
After testing the strength of concrete by the method of separation with spalling, a visual
inspection of the fresh fracture of the concrete is carried out, while fixing:
- Type and maximum size of coarse aggregate grains;
- Approximate ratio in percentage between large aggregate and mortar part;
- The presence of cracks and other defects in the mortar part, coarse aggregate or at the contact
between them;
- The nature of concrete tearing (for coarse aggregate, contact between the coarse aggregate and
the mortar part, mixed);
- Presence of ash and salt crystals in concrete pores;
- The depth of neutralization of concrete by phenolphthalein test.
If it is possible to extract at least a small amount of cores from the inspected structures (3-5), it is
recommended to evaluate the strength of concrete by ultrasonic testing.
Having measured the speed of propagation of ultrasound in several areas of the examined
structures, cores are extracted from those places where the speed of propagation of ultrasonic
waves is greatest. Having then determined the strength of concrete in cores and taking it as a
standard (reference sample), the strength of concrete R in other areas according to ultrasonic test
data is calculated by the formula:
)
/
87
,
7
1
/(
)
/
1
(
sup
sup
sup
V
V
V
V
R
R
(4)
ISSN: 2278-4853 Vol 10, Issue 9, September, 2021 Impact Factor: SJIF 2021 = 7.699
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