In AC electric machines, where the rotational speed and the frequency of the driving force are
ISSN: 2278-4853 Vol 10, Issue 9, September, 2021 Impact Factor: SJIF 2021 = 7.699
Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR)
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𝑓 = 𝑝 ∙ 𝑛 60
⁄
or
𝑛 = 60 ∙ 𝑓 𝑝
⁄
In this,
𝑓 = 50 𝐺𝑠
- alternating current frequency;
𝑝 = 1,2,3, …
- the number of pairs of poles;
𝑛
-
number of revolutions.
Like any electric machine, a synchronous generator is reversible, meaning it can act as both a
generator and an engine.
Synchronous generators are widely used in industry. Synchronous generators are mainly used in
power generation. The primary engine can be a hydraulic motor, steam turbines or internal
combustion engines.
The exciter coil receives energy from a parallel excitation alternating current generator The
exciter coil is located on a single shaft with a working machine, the power of which is much
lower than the power of the synchronous generator it excites. part of. The low-power
synchronous generator excitation circuit is widely used. As the rotor rotates, the residual
magnetism crosses the magnetic field lines, creating an electromotive force. The current
generated by this electromotive force passes through a transformer and a semiconductor rectifier,
is converted into a constant current, and passes through an excitation field. As a result, the
magnetic field of the generator increases and the voltage across it reaches its nominal magnitude.
The energy generated by the synchronous generator is transmitted to the consumer through
sliding contacts - contact rings and brushes.
Sliding contacts in a large power chain wastes a lot of energy; the presence of such contacts at
high voltages is very inconvenient.
Therefore, rotary and fixed pole generators are used only for low voltages (from 380 to 220 V)
and low power (up to 15 kVA).
In practice, synchronous generators with poles on the rotor and stator on the stator are often used.
The wake-up call goes through the wake-up call; the excitation field consists of a coil connected
in series and placed on the rotor poles.
The ends of the coil are connected to contact rings attached to the generator shaft. The rings are
fitted with fixed brushes, which provide a constant current from the energy source belonging to
the alarm field.
The source of energy is an alternating current generator called an alarm.
The structure of the stator of a synchronous generator is similar to the structure of the stator of an
induction motor. The rotor of a synchronous generator can be made with a clearly visible pole or
an invisible pole.
Hydraulic turbines serve as the primary engine of open pole synchronous generators. Therefore,
open pole synchronous generators are called hydrogenerators.
At high rotational speeds, the mechanical strength of generators with such a rotor structure is
insufficient, and therefore the rotors of high-speed machines are made with closed poles. The
core of a closed-pole rotor is usually made of solid metal with a groove on the surface. Once the
alarm coil is placed on the rotor, it is fastened by tapping posts, and the joints of the rotor ends at
ISSN: 2278-4853 Vol 10, Issue 9, September, 2021 Impact Factor: SJIF 2021 = 7.699
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