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4.1.3. Tropes Based on the Interaction

of Logical & Emotive Meanings
Epithet is a SD based on the interplay of logical and emotive meanings in an attributive word, phrase or even sentence used to characterize an object (both existing and imaginary). It shows the evaluative, subjective attitude of the writer/speaker to the thing described. Epithets may be classified semantically and structurally.

Semantically, epithets are divided into:

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  associated (those which point to a feature which essential to the object they describe, i.e. the idea expressed by the epithet is inherent in the concept of the object)
  

E.g. dark forest; careful attention; fantastic terrors.

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  unassociated (they are used to characterize the object by adding a feature not inherent in it).
  

E.g. A heart-burning smile; sullen earth; voiceless sands.
Structurally, epithets are divided into:

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