4. Agrarian societies are societies which are based uponcrops which are produced in conjunction with the use of the plow technique. The relatively high level of agricultural productivity in this type of society provides a situation favorable for the development of complex systems of social stratification and large permanent cities.
5. Industrial Societies began to emerge with the so called Industrial Revolution which is generally agreed to have its origins with the invention of the steam engine (actually serveral improvements in the already existing steam engine) by James Watt in or around 1769 in England. Industrial societies combine science and technology with the utilization of energy to run machines.