Alphabet Aa [ei] Nn [en] Bb [bi:] Oo [ou] Cc [si:] Pp [pi:] Dd [di:] Qq [qju:] Ee [i:] Rr [a:] Ff [ef] Ss [es] Gg [ji] Tt [ti:] Hh [eich] Uu [ju:] II [ai] VV [vi:] Jj [jei] Ww [d blju

For the time being – ayni paytda Look!... Listen!...

Present perfect tense

Hozirgi tugallangan zamon.

Yasalishi: Ega + have, has + fe`l (III shakli yoki –ed; d qo`shimchalari)+ ikkinchi darajali bo`laklar.

M-n: He has written the text today. U bugun tekst yozdi. I’ve finished the text.

Ishlatilishi:

1. yaqindagina yoki noma`lum vaqtda sodir bo`lib tugallangan lekin natijasi hozirgi zamon bilan bog`liq bo`lgan ish-harakatlarni ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi.

M-n: I have just finished my work. Men hozirgina ishimni tugatdim.

2. Biron bir ish-harakatni o`tgan zamonda ma`lum bir vaqtda boshlanib o`sha paytdan buyon hozirgacha sodir bo`lib tugallangan lekin natijasi hozirgi zamon bilan bog`liq bo`lgan ish-harakatlarni ifodalaydi. Bunday paytlarda since yoki for dan foydalanishimiz kerak.

Since – dan beri boshlanish vaqtini ifodalaydi. Since summer – yozdan beri, since 2001 – 2001dan beri va hakozalar.

For – dan beri davom etgan muddatni ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi. For 4 years – 4 yildan beri, for 2 hours – 2 soatdan beri lekin since 2 o`clock – soat ikkidan beri.

M-n: I have known John for two years. I have known John since 2010.