Актуальные научные исследования в современном мире iscience. In. Ua

«MODERN SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES AND TRENDS»
 
SCIENCECENTRUM.PL 
ISSUE 3 
ISBN 978-83-949403-3-1 
139
designation for apothegms, gnomes, maxims, maxims and hrii" [6, p. 13]. For 
aphorisms are characterized by the completeness and completeness of the 
semantic content, the brevity and refinement of verbal expression, often aphorisms 
called everyday wisdom. As a rule, the aphorism does not cause contradictions in 
the reader and often recalls simple truths that a person neglects. 
The history of aphoristic thought began in ancient times: brief statements are 
already found on ancient Egyptian papyri and cuneiform tablets of the 
Mesopotamia, and in ancient Greece and Rome the aphorism is formed as a literary 
genre. Even then people tried to briefly express their thoughts, formulating the most 
significant of them in the form of sayings. The aphorisms most clearly reflect the 
features of thinking people of different countries in different eras, religious and 
political views. However, there are common, eternal themes: the meaning of life, the 
world order, society and the state. Oriental thinkers played a significant role in 
shaping the aphoristic form. As an example, we can cite the treatise "Tao Te Ching" 
(the author of which is Lao Tzu) and the works of Confucius, in which the style of 
thinking and the literary form are merged inseparably. Every sentence in these 
works is permeated with the harmony of the worldview and the desire for higher 
wisdom. 
The content of aphorisms in Western Europe changes significantly during 
the Renaissance. In place of religious and theological texts comes secular 
literature, in which the aphoristic genre takes a worthy place. In modern times, the 
aphoristic literary form develops in two directions - as an independent genre and in 
the form of winged phrases included in the context of various works (scientific 
works, poetry, prose, journalism, letters, etc.). In the early 20 century. aphoristic 
thought acquired a special literary refinement and reached a great cultural 
significance, but then the content and style of aphorisms are increasingly averaged. 
The authors and "heroes" of aphorisms are actors, filmmakers, musicians, 
politicians, businessmen and other popular persons, and sources are oral 
presentations, interviews, anecdotes, etc. 
Defining the aphorism in a circle of closely related concepts, it should be 
noted that, in contrast to phraseological units, winged expressions, quotations, 
proverbs and folk wisdom, aphorisms have an obvious bias in philosophy and are 
found in the speech of educated people and speakers in an unchanged form. EAT. 
Vereshchagin and V.G. Kostomarov distinguishes linguistic aphorisms that have the 
syntactic form of the phrase, while phraseological units are the syntactic form of the 
phrase [3, p. 71-76]. The content and form of aphorisms differs somewhat from 
such classical forms of the folklore "artistic word", which is the proverb, proverb, 
saying. Therefore, the translation is different. "Aphorism is already a product of 
small forms of modern literature. This is a kind of "intellectual folklore" from well-
known and recognized authors". [4, p. 132]. 
Like the proverb, the aphorism does not prove, does not argue, but it 
influences consciousness. Expressiveness of the aphorism increases with 
decreasing number of words; about 3/4 of all aphorisms consists of 3-5
words [9, p. 29]. Aphorisms are born both in the context of scientific, philosophical, 
artistic works, and independently. Aphorism is a text of a small form that implicitly 
contains more extensive information than that which is expressed explicitly.
E.V. Zemlyanskaya emphasizes that the implication of the aphorism is due to the 

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