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discontinuous change

     . 

  

Organisational change

  mirrors that at industry level. It can occur on a continuous or 

incremental basis or on a discontinuous basis. The introduction of digital business requires 

organisations to manage both types of change.   

 Nadler  et al. (1995) developed a useful way of classifying types of organisational change. 

This uses the concepts of incremental and discontinuous change together with anticipa‑

tory or reactive change.  

Anticipatory change

  occurs when an organisation makes proactive 

changes in order to improve its efficiency or to create an advantage within the competitive 

environment.  

Reactive change

  is a direct response to a change in the external environment. 

The four different forms of organisational change identified by Nadler et al.  (1995)  are: