A course of modern english lexicology

5. BREAK-IN-THE-NARRATIVE (APOSIOPESIS)

Break-in-the-narrative, or aposiopesis, is a sudden break in speech as if the speaker was unwilling or unable to express what is on his mind. This stop-short often occurs in oral speech. In printing it refers to a mark or series of marks that usually indicate an intentional omission of a word or a phrase from the original text. It can also be used to indicate a pause in speech, an unfinished thought or, at the end of a sentence, a trailing off into silence.

Break-in-the-narrative I apologize, madam, I feel so … I wouldn’t have troubled to…

6. PARALLELISM

Parallelism means to give two or more parts of the sentences a similar form in order to give the whole a definite pattern. It is structural similarity of successive phrases, clauses and sentences. It is observed in paragraphs.

Parallelism "The inherent vice of capitalism is the unequal sharing of blessing; the inherent virtue of socialism is the equal sharing of miseries." (Churchill)

Parallelism can be of 2 types: complete and partial. We speak of complete parallelism when successive sentences fully coincide in their structure. In case of partial parallelism successive sentences are similar only to some extent.

Complete parallelism: The warm sun is failing, the bleak wind is wailing. The bare bows are sighing, the pale flowers are dying. Partial parallelism: The wind blew faster, it dragged now at his coat, it blew its space about him, it echoed silently a lonely spaciousness.

Very often parallelism is combined with other syntactical devices, such as gradation and antithesis, which are based on parallel sentences.
Gradation is a syntactical pattern in which every following structure or unit is more significant that the preceding one.

Gradation I wanted to explain, I wanted to come down from the witness box and tell them that I’d loved Joey, I’d worshiped Joey, I’d do anything to make him come alive again.

In antithesis one thing or concept is contrasted to its opposite.

Antithesis Life is much flattered, death is much traduced. Son looked perplexed, and other people looked profound.