The Bolshevik High Life
Jews who occupied Bolshevist positions acquired all the advantages of life, especially in
the capitals, with “orphan” apartments from fleeing “former” people. Almost all of the former
Pale of Settlement flowed into the cities. Of this great “exodus” G.A. Landau wrote: “The Jews
are closer to the power and occupied various government heights. Having taken this place, of
course, like every social stratum they are in a purely domestic way dragging behind them their
relatives, friends, childhood friends, young girlfriends, It is a natural process to grant positions to
people you know and trust.” This process extraordinarily multiplied the number of Jews in the
Soviet apparatus. Not to mention how many relatives come in large numbers thanks to the
legendary generous hand of Zinoviev and his wife, Lili. Odessa masses moved to Moscow. Why,
Trotsky gave his state farm near Moscow to his beloved father.
These movements can be tracked and biographies assembled. Here is an account by
David (not to be confused with Mark) Azbel. In 1919, when he was a kid, he moved from his
native Chernigov to Moscow. Already he had two aunts living there, the first one in Gagarin
Lane, the already mentioned Aunt Ida, a prosperous merchant’s wife of the first guild, and her
husband Misha. They had returned from America. Then there was another aunt, Lele, in the First
House of Soviets (National), where she lived in a large apartment. One of their neighbors was V.
V. Ulrikh, later famed for his role as the judge in the show trials of the 1930s. Ulrikh made a
joke: “It is strange why the National does not open a synagogue. The people living here are
almost exclusively Jews.” There was a restaurant for the inhabitants of the house, and from a
closed distributor it received abundant rations. Eggs, cheese, butter, and filets did not vanish
from the table even in the cruel starvation year of 1920.
Everything was special, especially for the new élite: kindergartens, schools, clubs and
libraries. In 1921/22, in the Volga region, amid mass death from hunger, in their experimental
model school canteens provided by the ARA Foundation there was American breakfast: a sweet
rice porridge, cocoa, white bread and scrambled eggs. And no one remembered how the cadres
had just bawled in the classroom that all the bourgeois need to be hanged from lamp posts.
The boys from the neighboring houses hated the children form the National and at every
opportunity they were mercilessly beaten. On the arrival of the NEP, [New Economic Program,
Lenin’s brief return to limited free enterprise when even he was forced to concede that
communism wasn’t working] the inhabitants of the National began to move into comfortable
apartments, mansions formerly owned by the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie.
In 1921 there was a sweltering summer in Moscow. David Azbel recalls: “So I was
invited to the country near Moscow, on a confiscated estate. Everything remained from the time
of the former owners; we just added more fencing and set guards on the gate. Komissarshi
children started to go to the best foreign resorts. At that time there was devastation throughout
the land, lack of shelter and goods for profitable resale and speculation. The merchants and
owners of huge numbers of factories had fled abroad. Aunt Ida and Uncle Misha secretly bought
and sold and trafficked in every type of contraband, and became probably the richest people in
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Moscow. But in 1926 Misha was imprisoned for five years for economic counter-revolution. At
the end of the NEP, he was given an added 10 more years in the camps.”
When the Bolsheviks became the government all the members of the Jewish
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