2 Chapter I: Phraseology as a branch of linguistics in literary works

- Хўш, энди қўл,- деди у, сен чилвирни қўйиб юборсанг ҳам бўлар. Майнавозчилигинг тугамагунча, ўнг қўлим билан эвини қилиб тураман. [34,114]
The above expression contains a figure of speech called personification because if we analyze the word nonsense, it has two meanings: 1) as a connotative meaning – a temporary partial paralysis of habitually or excessively used muscles. 2) as a denotative meaning – spoken or written words that have no meaning or make no sense. The translations above show that the translator translated the language and choice of words that are simpler and more easily read and understood by the reader, and the message contained in the phrase could also be easily up to the reader.
In the novel figures of speech have been found that are categorized as personification. Thus, we conclude that the most dominant used tool in the novel The Old Man and the Sea is personification. Personification in the novel is illustrated when the old man talks about a jellyfish, turtles, birds, and most importantly, the marlin and sharks, as if they were people; the old man gives them thought processes, even personalities. Here is one more example for personification.
"Eat it a little more," he said. "Eat it well." Eat it so that the point of the hook goes into your heart and kills you, he thought. Come up easy and let me put the harpoon into you. All right. Are you ready? Have you been long enough at table?
- Яна пича есанг-чи,- деди у.- Еявер, уялма. «Шундай егинки, токи қармоқ илгаги нақ юрагингга бориб етсину, тил тортқизмай гумдон қилсин сени- деб ўйлади у.- Ўзинг ѐнимга чиққин, бу ѐғига гарпун санчишни менга қўйиб бер. Шундоқ бўлсин. Қалай, тайѐрмисан? Роса тўйиб олдингми?» [34, 134]
The same as in the previous expression analysis, human qualities were given to the fish and the hook. They are representing a non-human thing as if they were human. Here, personification gives emotion and desire to them. We mentioned above that the favorite Hemingway‘s technique is repetition, which was used in this part of the novel. Repetition as well really could cause many problems in translation. As we have said, various emotions are presented, like crave for hunting the fish, feeling of pity, feeling of pride, feeling of irritation. The duty of the translator is to reproduce all these emotions in translation.
(1) One see that the translator in the translation used Hemingway‘s tool – repetition. All the efforts to reproduce the repetition were achieved.
(2) The translator used the oblique translation namely the method of addition. In the original text we couldn‘t find the equivalence to the notion of не стесняйся/ уялма, it is an evidence that the translators
accepted fish and the old man as friends.
(3) To be long enough at table it is a metaphor which has connotative meaning – to be quite full or to eat to satiety, both translators were able to give adequate translation.
(4) Ibrahim Gafurov used the metaphor “тил тортқизмай гумдон қилсин сени”, which defines an immediately causing death. It is a literal translation with using addition.
If you're not tired, fish," he said aloud, "you must be very strange. [28, 46] - Агар сен ҳали ҳам чарчамаган бўлсанг,- деди у овоз чиқариб,- гапнинг ўғил боласи шуки, мислсиз балиқ экансан. [29, 65]
In the Uzbek version we found some coincidence with the ST. May be the Uzbek translator used a metaphor so that the receptor would have a better understanding of the phrase. The reason, why this transformation is required, is in the dissimilarity between the language structures, with the source language structure being incomplete for the target language. It would have been more successful if the translator didn‘t use addition, because it did not add sense to the translation, but rather it lost the style of the author.
"He'll take it," the old man said aloud. "God help him to take it." He did not take it though. [28,73]