2: 00 – It’s two o’clock. 2: 30 – It’s half past two. 2: 05

Unit 7
Present Perfect Continuous – Hozirgi tugallangan
davomiy zamon.
How long has Karen been reading the book?
Qancha vaqtdan beri Karen kitob o’qiyapti?
She has been reading the book for three hours.
U kitobni uch soat davomida o’qiyapti.
She is tired. Has she been playing? No, she hasn’t.
U charchagan. U o’ynaydimi? Yo’q, o’ynamaydi.
She has been studying for two hours.
U ikki soat davomida kitob o’qidi.
Affirmative – Darak shakl
Subject + have/has + been + verbing…
Interrogative – So’roq shakl
Have/has + subject + been + verbing…
Negative – Inkor shakl
Subject + have/has + not + been + verbing…
Use – ishlatilishi
Hozirgi tugallangan zamonni quyidagi holatlarda ishlatamiz:
* O’tgan zamonda boshlanib hozirgi zamongacha davom etayotgan ish-harakatlarga hozirgi tugallangan zamonni ishlatamiz.
He has been painting the house for three days. – U uyni uch kun davomida bo’yayapti. (U uyni bo’yashni uch kun oldin boshlagan va hali ham bo’yayapti.)
* Yaqindagina tugagan ish-harakat va ularning natijalari hozirgi zamonda ko’rinib turgan bo’lsa hozirgi tugallangan davomiy zamonni ishlatamiz.
They are tired. They have been painting the garage door all morning. – Ular charchashgan. Ular garaj eshigini butun tong bo’yadilar.
(Ular endigina bo’yashni tugatishdilar va ularning ishini natijasi hozirda ko’rinib turibdi. Eshikdagi bo’yoq hali xo’l va ikki odamning ko’rinishi charchagan.)
Bilib qo’ying:
1) Davomiy zamon bilan ishlatilmaydigan fe’llar (know-bilmoq, believe-ishonmoq, like-yoqtirmoq) bilan hozirgi tugallangan oddiy zamonni ishlatamiz, hozirgi tugallangan davomiy zamonni emas.
I’ve known Sharon since we were at school together.
Men Sheronni biz maktabda bo’lganimizdan beri taniyman.
(Bu gap xato: I’ve been Sharon since we were at school together.)
2. Live – yashamoq, feel – his qilmoq va work – ishlamoq fe’llari bilan hozirgi tugallangan oddiy zamonni ham, hozirgi tugallangan davomiy zamonni ham ishlatishimiz mumkin, ma’nosida hech qanday o’zgarishsiz.
He has been living/he has lived here since 1994.
U bu yerda 1994 yildan beri yashab kelyapti.