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* Biz to be going to (moqchi) – qurilmasini darak shaklini yasaganimizda bizga birinchi o’rinda kishilik olmoshlari kerak bo’ladi, so’ng to be (am,is,are) kerak bo’ladi. So’ng going to va fe’lning hozirgi zamon shakli kerak bo’ladi.
Affirmative – darak gap
Subject+to be(am,is,are)+going to+verb1…
Negative – inkor gap
subject+to be+not+going to+verb1…
Question – so’roq gap
To be+subject+going to+verb1…?
SHORT ANSWERS – QISQA JAVOBLAR
Are you going to call him? Yes, I am.
Sen unga qo’ng’iroq qilmoqchimisan? Ha.
Are you+going to+verb1…? Yes, I am/No, I am not.
Yes, we are/No, we are not.
Is he/she/it+going to+verb1…? Yes, he/she/it is
No, he/she/it is not.
Are they+going to+verb1…? Yes, they are
No, they are not.
Quyidagi gaplarni taqqoslang:
Biz The Future Simple, be going to, Present Continuous va Present Simple ni kelasi zamondagi ish-harakatlarga nisbatan ishlatishimiz mumkin.
a) He’ll sell his car. – U moshinasini sotadi. (Will: Balkim sotadi, balkim sotmaydi).
b) She’s going to study abroad next year. – U keyingi yil chet elda o’qimoqchi. ( Be going to: Maqsadni ifodalayapti).
c) They’re leaving for Mexico tomorrow. – Ular ertaga Meksikaga ketishyapti.
(Present Continuous: Rejalashtirib qo’yilgan ish-harakat).
d) The bus leaves at nine o’clock. – Avtobus 9 da ketadi. ( Present Simple: Jadvallarga nisbatan).
Unit 6
Relatives
A doctor is a person who/that treats sick people.
Doctor shunaqa shaxski qaysiki kasallarga muolaja ko’rsatadi.
Dogs are animals which/that we can keep as pets.
Itlar shunaqa hayvonlarki qaysilarni biz uy hayvonlari sifatida saqlashimiz mumkin.
This is a couple whose favourite winter sport is sking.
Bu juftlik qaysilarning sevimli qishki sporti bu chang’ida uchishdir.
* Nisbiy olmoshlar (who-kimki, qaysiki, which-qaysiki, qaysiniki, whose-kimningki, that-kimniki,qaysiniki) ergash gaplarni tanishtirishga ishlatiladi. Biz ergash gaplarni, asosiy gaplardan otlarni aniqlashga ishlatamiz.
The man who own the shop is French.
Kishi qaysiki do’konga egalik qiladigan millati Fransuzdir.
* Biz who bilan that kishilik olmoshlarini (I-men, you-siz, he/she/it-u, we-biz, they-ular) o’rniga ishlatamiz odamlarni nazarda tutganimizda.
The girl – she lives next door – is from India.
The girl who/that lives next door is from India.
Qiz qaysiki keyingi eshikda yashaydigan Indiyadandir.
* Biz which/that ni narsalarni yoki hayvonlarni nazarda tutganimizda ishlatamiz.
The horse – it won the race – is black.
The horse which/that won the race is black.
Ot qaysiki poygani yutgan rangi qoradir.
* Biz whose ni egalik sifatlarini o’rniga ishlatamiz (my-mening, his-uning, her-uning, its-uning, our-bizning, your-sizning, their-ularning) odamlar, narsalar, hayvonlar bilan egalikni ifodalash uchun.
That’s the man – his car was stolen.
That’s the man whose car was stolen.
Moshinasi o’g’irlangan kishi ana u dir.
That’s the bag – its strap is broken.
That’s the bag whose strap is broken.
Ana u sumka qaysiniki zamogi buzilgan.
Odamlar – who/that – kimniki, qaysiniki.
Narsalar/Hayvonlar – which/that – qaysiniki
Egalik ifodalashga – whose – kimningki, qaysiningki.
Relative Pronouns as Subjects or Objects
Nisbiy Olmoshlar Ega yoki To’ldiruvchi sifatida
* Biz nisbiy olmoshni tushurib qoldira olmaymiz agar nisbiy olmosh ergash gapning egasi bo’lsa bu degani nisbiy olmosh va fe’l o’rtasida ot yoki kishilik olmoshi yo’q bo’lsa
I met a girl. She is from Japan.
I met a girl who/that is from Japan.
Men bir qiz bilan tanishdim qaysiki Yaponyadandir.
(Nisbiy olmosh egadir va hech qanaqa boshqa olmosh yoki ot yo’qdir, who bilan fe’l is orasida).
* Biz nisbiy olmoshni tushurib qoldirishimiz mumkin qachonki nisbiy olmosh ergash gapning to’ldiruvchisi bo’lsa, bu degani nisbiy olmosh va fe’l o’rtasida ot yoki kishilik olmoshi bor bo’lsa.
That’s the hat. I bought it last week.
That’s the hat (which/that) I bought last week.
(Nisbiy olmosh bu gapda to’ldiruvchi bo’lib kelgan, which/that bilan fe’l bought orasida kishilik olmoshi I bor).
* Biz odatda nisbiy olmoshlardan oldin predloglarni ishlatishni chetlab o’tamiz.
a) The reception to which we went was held at a hotel.
Qabul qaysingaki biz borgan mehmonxonada bo’lga edi.
(Rasmiy ingliz tili – bu noodatiy struktura)
b) The café which/that we usually go to is near our house.
Qahvaxona qayergaki biz odatda boradigan bizning uyimizning oldidadir. (odatiy strukturadir)
c) The café we usually go to is near our house.
Biz boradigan qahvaxona uyimizning yaqinidadir. (norasmiy ingliz tilidadir)
* Nisbiy ergash gaplarda biz predloglardan keyin to’ldiruvchi olmoshlarni ishlatmaymiz.
We spent our holidays with some friends. They are from Belgium. The friends we spent our holidays with are from Belgium. (NOT: The friends we spent our holidays with them are from Belgium.)
Biz ta’tillarimizni do’stlarimiz bilan o’tkazdik. Ular Belgiyadan.
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