1-variant 1The subject matters of Lexicology

4.TRANslate the following synonyms

Assembly -собрание. Gathering -собрание людей

Company - компания, общество. Convention -собрание

Conference - конференция, совещание. Sitting - сеанс, заседание

Congress - конгресс, съезд

Variant 24

1 A metaphor is a shift of meanings caused by the likeness(semilarity of some property of two object). Metaphor is based on the semilarities of objects. E.x the words "warm" and "cold" may be used to denote the certain qualities of human voices because of some kind of similarity between these qualities and warm and cold temperature.

E.x warm voice warm temperature. Cold voice cold temperature.

The similarity may be based on several shapes.

1)similarity of form. Ex Eye of a needle , a head of a pin; 2) similarity of function .Ex. the head of the state, the head of the demonstration;3) similarity of position. E.x the foot of the mountain, a foot of the page , the top of the table, the leg of the table. The usage of proper names for common nouns may cause a metaphor to. Some scientists use widely some characters .Ex he is a pushkin of our days (he is a very strong poet). She is a tursunov( she is a very good cotton picker) sometimes the names of animals are used to denote the human qualities. Ex she is a fox (she is very cunny) she is a parrot (she is talkative) we must differ a.metaphor from a simile. In simile we use before the words "as" and "like" .Ex she is a monkey (metaphor) she is like a monkey (similar)

2 Conversion is a very productive way of forming new words, chiefly verbs and not so offen-nouns. This type of word formation presents one of the characteristics features if Modern English. By conversion we mean derivation of a new word from the stem of a different part of speech without the addition of any formatives. As a result the two words are homonymous, having the same morphological structure and belonging to different parts of speech.