1. The subject of comparative typology and its aims

Back-formation (reversion) is a rather productive type of wordformation in English, where many short words are inferred from longer words. It is in this way that verbs are derived from nouns: e.g. own< owning, beg < beggar, reminisce < reminiscence, etc.
English compound verbs are often formed by back-formation from compound nouns: to aircondition < air conditioning, to baby-sit etc.
Similarly formed are also English verbs from adjectives: luminisce< luminiscent, reminisce < reminiscent etc.
Also nouns are formed quite in the same way from adjectives: greed < greedy, nast < nasty etc.
Back-formation in Ukrainian is restricted only to nouns which are formed from verbal (or rather from their infinitival) stems. E.g.:біг < бігати, брід < бродити, піт < пітніти etc.
Reduplication is more productive in English than in Ukrainian.
Engl. e.g. fifty-fifty, goody-goody, hush-hush (secret), pooh-pooh, so-so.
Ukr.: де-де, ні-ні, ледве-ледве, так-так, ось-ось.
Unlike Ukrainian the English language is especially rich in rhymed reduplications which are rare in our colloquial speech. E.g. boogywoogie, fliggerty-glibberty (frivolous), helter-skelter (in disordered haste) etc.
Note. Pertaining to English only are also compounds with postpositives like camp-out (sleep in open air, not in tent),
walk-over (easy task, easy victory), walk-up (apartment without a lift).
30. Conversion as a predominantly English way of word-building in the contrasted languages.
English conversion.
- Ukr. Лексико-семантичний сп. (the word acguires a new meaning) e.g. встигатию
- Ukr. Лексико-синтаксичний сп. (зрощення). ( a phrase becomes a word) e.g. Перекотиполе, втридорога
Engl.:Among the productive word-forming types is to be pointed out first of all conversion - performed according to some models of "converting" nouns into verbs or verbs into nouns, adjectives into nouns or nouns into adjectives, which can be seen from the examples below: