1. Reaktorni

1. Reaktorning moddiy balansini hisoblash. Toza xom-ashyo bo`yicha reaktor ish unumdorligi Ge=200 000 t/yil. Restirkulyastiya buladigan katalitik toza xomashyo mikdorining 28,4 massa % ini tashkil etadi. Xom-ashyo va maxsulotlar xarakteristikasi quyidagi jadvalda keltirilgan: Xom-ashyo Alkillash maxsulotlari Vakuum Restirkulyastiya Modda distillyat modda Benzin engil ogir Nisbiy zichligi:  ^29^30,9100 0,9330 0,7600 0,9300 0,9400 ^277  ^28^80,9131 0,9340 0,7641 0,9330 0,9420 ^288 Kaynash 623-773 468-773 313-468 468-623 623-773 chegarasi, K K Molekulyar 360 248 105 200 340 Ogirligi Moddiy balans. Xom-ashyoning 75% xajmiy % i parchalanadi deb kabul kilib olamiz. Xom-ashyo mikdorining stirkulyastiya moddai mikdoriga nisbati. Gc 200000 ^к^^^^3^,^52 0 , 284 Gc 0 , 284  200000 1, 215   dagi grafik buyicha benzin chikishini aniklaymiz.   54 xajmiy %. ^ Massaviy foizlarda: ^29^3 0 , 760 54 х  ^277^^  45 ,1 mass % toza xom-ashyoga.  293  0 ,910 ^277 Berilgan parchalanish darajasida koks chikishi ^1, 215  ^dagi grafikdan: х  8 , 7 massa % toza xom-ashyoga. ^к 623-773 K da kaynaydigan vakuum distillyatini katalitik krekinglashda chikadigan gazning chikishini 84 ,8   buyicha 17,7 massa % toza xom-ashyoga. Rektifikastion kolonnada engil va ogir moddaga ajraladigan katalitik modda chikishi. х  х  100  ( 45 ,1  8 , 7  17 , 7 )  28 ,5 масс % toza moddaga ^е^.^г^о^.^г Gidrotozalash maxsulotlaridan chikish xisoblashlari jadvalda keltirilgan. 1 yilda 360 kun xisobidagi moddiy balans. Maxsulot nomi Massa, % kg/soat t/sut t/yil Kiritildi: % Xom ashyo 100 23145,8 555,5 200000

Vodorod 100% 0.4 0,167 0,004 1,4 Jami 100,40 23146 555,559 200001,4 Olindi % Gidrotozalangan yoqilg`i ^96^,^9^0^2^24^28^,^4^7^4^5^3^8^,^3^3^6^1^93^8^0^1^,^3^5 Engil benzin 1,3 300,898 7,222 2600,01 Uglevodorod gazi 0,60 138,876 3,333 1200 Vodorodsulfid 1,2 277,752 6,666 2400,01 Yo’qotishlar 0,4 92,584 2,222 800 Jami: 100,40 23146 555,559 200001,4 Цirkulyastiya katalizatori mikdori va suv sarfi. Katalizator stirkulyastiyasi karraligi R  7 : 1 da katalizator mikdori. G  R  G  7  250  1750 t/soat ^k^c Xom-ashyo buglarining katalizator bilan aralashmasi zichligini rostlash uchun transport liniyasiga 2-6 massa % mikdorida suv bugi beriladi. Kokslangan katalizatordan kreking maxsulotlarini buglatish uchun 1 t katalizatorga 5-10 kg bug sarflanadi. Aralashma zichligini rostlash uchun sarflanadigan bug mikdorini xom- ashyoning 4 massa % mikdorida kabul kilamiz. G  250  0 , 04  10 т / соат  10000 кг / соат . ^пi Regenerastiyadan keyin katalizatorda 0,2-0,5 massa % mikdorda koks koladi. Koldik koks mikdorini 0,4 massa % deb kabul kilib: 0 , 4  1750 G   7 т / соат . к . к ^100 Reaktordan chikishda kokslangan koks mikdori: G   G  G  21 , 75  1750  7  21 , 75  1778 , 75 т / соат . ^к^.^к^к^к^.^к 2.Reaktor issiklik balansini hisoblash. Reaktor issiklik balansi umumiy kurinishda kuyidagi kurinishda buladi: Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q  Q . ^x^ц^1^к^1^п^1^Д^1^к^.^к^r^^е^.^г^о^.^г^к^.^г^к^пг^Д^г^пг^P^й Bu erda: issiklik kirimi: Qx- xom-ashyo bilan kiradigan issiklik mikdori; Qst1- restirkulyastiya katalitik moddai bilan; ^Qk1^-^sti^r^k^u^l^y^a^s^t^i^y^a^k^a^t^a^l^i^z^a^t^o^ri^b^i^l^a^n^; ^Qp1^-^s^u^v^b^ug^i^b^il^a^n^; ^QD1^-^k^a^t^a^l^i^za^t^o^r^d^a^n^u^g^l^e^v^od^o^r^o^d^l^a^r^n^i^b^u^gl^a^t^i^s^h^u^c^hu^n^b^e^r^i^l^a^d^ig^a^n^b^u^g bilan; ^Qk.k^-^ko^l^d^i^k^k^ok^s^b^il^a^n^. Issiklik chikimi: ^Qg^-^k^re^k^i^n^g^g^az^l^a^r^i^b^il^a^n^;

Qb- benzin buglari bilan; ^Qe.g^- e^ng^i^l^m^odd^a^b^ug^l^a^r^i^b^il^a^n^; ^Qo.g^-^ogi^r^m^odd^a^b^u^g^l^a^r^i^bi^l^a^n^; ^Qk.g^-^sti^r^k^u^l^y^a^s^t^i^y^a^k^a^t^a^l^i^z^a^to^r^i^bi^l^a^n^; ^Qk^-^k^re^k^i^ng^d^a^xos^i^l^b^u^l^a^d^i^g^a^n^ko^k^s^b^i^l^a^n^; ^Qst.g^- re^sti^r^k^u^l^y^a^st^i^y^a^m^odda^i^b^i^l^a^n^; ^QDg^-^k^a^t^a^l^i^za^t^o^r^d^an^u^g^l^e^v^od^o^r^o^d^l^a^r^n^i^b^ug^l^a^ti^s^h^u^c^h^u^n^b^er^i^l^a^di^g^a^n^bug bilan; Qpg- transport liniyasiga beriladigan bug bilan; QR- katalitik kreking reakstiyasiga; ^Qy^-^a^t^r^of^-^m^ux^it^ga^. Issiklik balansidan xom-ashyoni katalizator bilan aralashtirish uzelidagi temperaturani aniklaymiz. Okimlarni reaktorga kirishdagi temperaturalarini kabul kilamiz: Tst.g=561 K- stirkulyastiya moddai temperaturasi; ^Tk.1 ^=^8^7^3^K^-^k^a^t^a^l^i^z^a^t^o^r^t^e^m^p^er^a^t^u^r^a^s^i; ^Tp.1^=^87^3^K^-^t^r^a^n^s^po^rt^l^i^n^i^y^a^s^i^g^a^b^er^i^l^a^d^ig^an^bu^g^t^e^m^p^era^t^u^r^a^s^i^; ^TD1 ^=^7^8^3^K^- re^a^k^t^o^r^b^u^g^l^a^t^i^s^h^z^o^n^a^s^i^g^a^b^er^i^l^a^di^g^a^n^b^u^g^t^e^m^p^era^t^u^r^a^s^i^. 100  (15 , 7  12 ,8 )  71 ,5 % 71,5% parchalanishda 1 kg xom-ashyoga tugri keluvchi issiklik effekti 205,2 kJ ga teng. Issiklik balansidan: Q  409140  367550  41590 кВт . ^c Xom-ashyo entalpiyasi: 3600 Q 3600  41590 q  ^x  600 кЖ / кг . c G 250000 ^x