The Past Perfect Tense о tgan tugallangan zamonning yasalishi

The Past Perfect Tense

О tgan tugallangan zamonning yasalishi

S+ had + V_3/ed S+ had not(hadn’t) + V_3/ed Had +S + V_3/ed?

O'TGAN TUGALLANGAN ZAMONNING ISHLATILISHI

1. Past Perfect o'tgan zamondagi biror vaqtdan oldin tamom bo'lgan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi. O'tgan zamondagi bu vaqt quyidagicha berilishi mumkin:

a) by 5 o’clock soat beshgacha, by Saturday shanbagacha, by the 15^th of December 15 dekabrgacha, by the end of the year yilning oxirigacha, by that time о‘sha vaqtgacha va boshqa vaqt ko'rsatkichlari bilan:
We had translated the article by five о’clock. Biz soat beshgacha maqoloni tarjima qilib bo'ldik.

We had shipped the goods by that time. O'sha paytgacha biz mollarni yuklab bo‘lgan edik.

By the end of the year we had learnt to speak French. Yilning oxirigacha biz fransuzcha gapirishni o'rgandik.
b) Simple Past bilan ifodalangan 0‘tgan zamondagi ikkinchi bir ishharakati bilan:

They had shipped the goods when your telegram arrived. Sizning telegrammangiz kelganda, ular moliami yuklab bo‘lgan

edilar.

We sent him a telegram yesterday as we had not received any letters from him fo r a long time. Biz unga telegramma jo‘natdik. chunki undan ko‘pdan buyon xat xabar olmagan edik.

We had not reached the station when it began to rain. Yomg’ir yog‘a boshlaganda biz stansiyaga yetib bormagan edik.
2. Ikki yoki undan ortiq oldinma-kctin sodir bo'lgan ish-harakat sodir bo’lish tartibida bayon qilinsa, hammasida Simple Past ishlatiladi:
He arrived at the Waterloo station, took a taxi and drove to the hotel. Then he went to the telegraph office and sent his wife a telegram. U Voterlo vokzaliga yetib keldi, taksi oldi va mchmonxonaga ketdi. So'ngra u telegrafga borib, xatimga telegramma jo'natdi.
Bir nechta oldinma-ketin sodir bo'lgan ish-harakatlarning bayor etish taitibi buzilsa, birorta oldin sodir eiilgan ish-iiarakat o'zidan keyi: sodir etilgan ish-harakatdan keyin bayon etilsa, o 'sha ish-harakat Past Perfectda ishlatiladi:
He came home late in the evening. He had visited the Museum o f Fine Arts and had been to the concert. He had supper, read the newspaper and feeling tired, went to bed. U uyga kechqurun kech keldi. U San‘at muzeyiga bordi va konsertda bo’lgan edi. U kechki ovqatini yedi, gazetani o ‘qidi va charchagani uchun joyiga yotdi.
Misoldagi came, had supper, read , went to bed harakatlari oldinmaketin sodir bo’ladi, had visited va had been harakatlari esa ulardan oldin sodir bo’lgan.