ANSWERS
a- What is a multinational corporation ?
Multinational corporation (MNC), also called transnational
corporation, any corporation that is
registered and operates in more than one country at a time. Generally
the corporation has its
headquarters in one country and operates wholly or partially owned subsidiaries in other countries.
Its subsidiaries report to the corporation’s central headquarters.
b- What is the biggest company in the world ?
The biggest company in the world by revenue is Walmart (2017). In 2015, they reportedly brought
in nearly $486 billion. That's about the same GDP as the entire revenue of Norway. If Walmart was
a country, it would rank as the 27
th
largest economy in the world.
c- What does GDP mean ?
GDP = Gross Domestric Product (in French : PIB)
d- What do the next five largest companies in the world have in common ?
The next five largest companies in the world are all petroleum refiners : Sinopec Group, Royal
Dutch Shell, China National Petroleum,
ExxonMobil, British Petroleum. If we combine their
revenues, it equals the entire GDP of India (which is about 2 trillion dollars and is the 9
th
largest
economy in the world).
e- What is a merger ?
A merger is a corporate combination of two or more independent business corporations into a
single enterprise, usually the absorption of one or more firms by a dominant one. Some examples of
famous mergers are : the Exxon and Mobil merger, the Disney and Fox merger, the Amazon and
Whole Foods merger. The next five largest companies in the world are all petroleum refiners :
Sinopec Group (China),
Royal Dutch Shell, (Holland) China National Petroleum,
ExxonMobil
(US), British Petroleum. Their combined revenues equal the entire GDP of India (2 trillion dollar,
the 9
th
largest in the world)
f- Why can mergers be controversial ?
Mergers can be controversial when companies acquire entire monopolies over one area or one
industry. It can prevent market competition.
g- What controversies can multinational companies face in developing countries ?
Multinational companies have a big impact on the world, not just on the economy but also on the
environment and society. From oil spills to child labor, companies’ activities – and mistakes – can
impact people and the planet, particularly in more vulnerable countries. ‘Sweat-shop labour’
multinational corporations have been criticised for using ‘slave labour’ – workers who are paid a
pittance by Western standards.
h- Can multinational companies have a positive influence on developing countries ?
Multinational companies can create wealth and jobs around the world. Investment by
multinationals
creates much needed foreign currency for developing economies. They also create jobs and help
raise expectations of what is possible. This helps create capital flows to poorer/developing
economies. Although wages may be low by the standards of the developed world – they are better
jobs than alternatives and gradually help to raise wages in the developing world.