Galilio galilei

GALILIO GALILEI

Mohinur Sobitova

Diyora To’lqinova

Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) is considered the father of modern science and made major contributions to the fields of physics, astronomy, cosmology, mathematics and philosophy.

• Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) is considered the father of modern science and made major contributions to the fields of physics, astronomy, cosmology, mathematics and philosophy.
• Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa in 1564, the first of six children of Vincenzo Galilei, a musician and scholar. In 1581 he entered the University of Pisa at age 16 to study medicine, but was soon sidetracked by mathematics. He left without finishing his degree

From 1589 to 1610, Galileo was chair of mathematics at the universities of Pisa and then Padua. Galileo had three children with Marina Gamba, whom he never married: Two daughters, Virginia (Later “Sister Maria Celeste”) and Livia Galilei, and a son, Vincenzo Gamba. Despite his own later troubles with the Catholic Church, both of Galileo’s daughters became nuns in a convent near Florence.

What did Galileo discover?

• Galileo used observation and experimentation to interrogate and challenge received wisdom and traditional ideas. For him it wasn’t enough that people in authority had been saying that something was true for centuries, he wanted to test these ideas and compare them to the evidence. At the time this was quite a shocking idea, and was one of the reasons that he got into trouble. He discovered...

1. Craters and mountains on the Moon

Moon’s surface was not smooth and perfect as received wisdom had claimed but rough, with mountains and craters whose shadows changed with the position of the Sun. Galileo was able to use the length of the shadows to estimate the height of the lunar mountains, showing that they were similar to mountains on Earth.

2. The phases of Venus

The planet Venus showed changing crescent phases like those of the Moon, but their geometry could only be explained if Venus was moving around the Sun rather than the Earth. This undermined the idea that everything in the heavens revolved around the Earth (although it was consistent with the Tychonic system as well as the Copernican one).

3. Jupiter’s moons

The planet Jupiter was accompanied by four tiny satellites which moved around it. These are now known as the Galilean moons: Io, Ganymede, Europa and Callisto. Again, this showed that not everything in the heavens revolved around the Earth.

4. The stars of the Milky Way

Galileo saw that the Milky Way was not just a band of misty light, it was made up of thousands of individual stars.

5. The first pendulum clock

If that wasn’t enough, as well as Galileo’s contributions to astronomy, he also designed a major component for the first pendulum clock, Galileo’s escapement. This design, however, went unbuilt until after the construction of the first working pendulum clock by Christiaan Huygens.

Galileo quote "You cannot teach a man anything, you can only help him find it within himself."

Thanks for your attention