Ўзбекистон республикаси олий ва ўрта махсус таълим вазирлиги ўзбекистон давлат жаҳон тиллари университети инглиз тили назарий аспектлари №1

Substantivisation (or lexical ellipsis) consists in dropping of the final nominal member of a frequently used attributive word-group, the remaining adjective takes on the meaning and all the syntactic functions of the noun and thus develops into a new word changing its class membership and becoming homonymous to the existing adjective. e.g. ‘documentary (adj.)’ – ‘a documentary film’ – ‘a documentary (n.)’; ‘final (adj.)’ – ‘a final examination’ – ‘a final (n.)’. Substantivisation is often accompanied by productive suffixation: e.g., ‘one-wing (adj.)’ – ‘a one-wing plane’ – ‘a one-winger’; ‘two-deck (adj.)’ – ‘two-deck bus or ship’ – ‘a two-decker’. Substantivisation may be accompanied by clipping and productive suffixation: e.g. flickers (coll.) from ‘flicking pictures’, ‘a smoker’ from ‘smoking carriage’, etc. Also, some adjectives can be substantivised, e.g. the poor, the black, a patient.