«zamonaviy lingvistika» fanidan «types and classification of speech acts»

Felicity Conditions
The first status refers to the being of conventional process which must hold a conventional consequence. Furthermore. this process must be performed by the appropriate individuals but besides must take topographic point under certain fortunes.
Searle’s Theory
Searle’s conditions for address Acts of the Apostles After Austin’s original geographic expeditions of address act theory at that place have been a figure of plants which attempt to systematize the attack. One of import focal point has been to categorize the types of address act possible in linguistic communications. J. R. Searle has proposed ‘five macro-classes’ of illocutionary act:
1. Representatives. which commit the talker to the truth of the uttered proposition. for illustration: asserting. concluding.
2. Directives. which are efforts by the talker to acquire the addressee to make something: requesting. inquiring.
3. Commissives. which commit the talker to some future class of action ; such as: promising. threatening and offering.
4. Expressives. which express a psychological province ( i. e. thanking. apologising. welcoming. complimenting etc. )
5. Declarations. which consequence immediate alterations in the institutional province of personal business and which tend to trust on luxuriant excess lingual establishments ; for illustration: declaring war. christening. marrying. firing and such like ( ibid. : 24-5 ) .
Searle through this classification has wanted to explicate the old verbal differentiation of Austin ( verdictives. exercitives. commissives. behabitives. expositives ) and to extinguish the deficiency of consistent rule of Austin’s categorization due to the fact that “a really big figure of verbs find themselves smack in the center of two viing “categories”‘ ( Coulthard. 1996: 23 ) . However. the new differentiation made by Searle has non wholly solved the jobs. His taxonomy creates jobs in spoken discourses. First. in a duologue such as:
Speaker A: Hello Speaker B: Hello
which is fundamentally ‘structuring’ - the first ‘Hello’ can be treated as a directing necessitating, a second ‘Hello’ but how one can categorize the second one? The second some of the representatives are recognized by the listener: