Yusupov Oybek Nematjonovich Ahmedova Nigora Shavkatovna

Questions for discussion: 
1.
What is graphical expressive means? 
2.
How we can identify the graphical expressive means in the text? 
3.
What is modern use of graphical expressive means? 
4.
how the punctuation can be used to reflecting emphatic intonation? 
 
CONTENTS
 

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CHAPTER IV. LEXICAL STYLISTIC DEVICES 
Words in a context may acquire additional lexical meanings not fixed in the 
dictionaries, what we have called contextual meanings. The latter may sometimes 
deviate from the dictionary meaning to such a degree that the new meaning even 
becomes the opposite of the primary meaning. What is known in linguistics as 
transferred meaning is practically the interrelation between two types of lexical 
meaning: dictionary and contextual. 
The transferred meaning of a word may be fixed in dictionaries as a result of long 
and frequent use of the word other than in its primary meaning. In this case we 
register a derivative meaning of the word. Hence the term transferred should be used 
signifying the development of the semantic structure of the word. In this case we do 
not perceive two meanings. When we perceive two meanings of the word 
simultaneously, we are confronted with a stylistic device in which the two meanings 
interact [13:39]. 
Classification of Lexical Stylistic Devices 
There are 3 groups. 
1. The interaction of different types of lexical meaning. 
a) primary dictionary and contextually imposed meanings (metaphor, metonymy, 
irony); 
b) primary and derivative logical meanings (zeugma and pun); 
c) logical and emotive (epithet, oxymoron); 
d) logical and nominative (antonomasia); 
2. Intensification of a feature (simile, hyperbole, periphrasis). 
3. Peculiar use of set expressions (clichés, proverbs, epigram, quotations). 

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