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Jurayev Jahongir
Lecturer of Tashkent State University of Law
THE EUROPEAN UNION ECONOMIC CRISIS AND ANTI-CRISIS MEASURES IN THE
CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Abstract.
This article examines the Covid-19 global economic crisis, which is causing serious damage to
the global economy, its causes and consequences, its impact on the developed and emerging economies of the
world, and anti-crisis measures. The article also analyzes the economic crisis in the EU economy caused by
the Covid-19 pandemic that is spreading globally and the rapid measures to prevent this crisis. In particular,
the current macroeconomic indicators of the EU economy in the context of the economic crisis, anti-crisis
measures in economic sectors and industries, and how the crisis may affect the future of the EU are discussed.
At the same time, the directions of anti-crisis measures developed by the European Commission, the sources
of established trust funds and their practical effectiveness are considered. In addition, the content of measures
taken by the state on fiscal and monetary policy measures taken by the government as a measure to prevent the
crisis during the pandemic in our country, the activities of the Anti-crises Fund under the Ministry of Finance
and the Fund of “Generosity and Assistance” established by the government decree are demonstrated.
Keywords:
Covid-19 pandemic, European Union economy, global economic crisis, European Commission,
anti-crisis measures, fiscal policy, European Strategic Investment Fund, social protection programs, small and
medium-sized businesses.
Bugun dunyoda yuzaga kelgan vaziyat jahon
mamlakatlarining har bir iqtisodiy sohalari va tar
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moqlarini o‘z domiga tortib ulgurdi. Butun dunyo
iqtisodiyotini larzaga solib global tarzda xavf-xatar
uyg‘otayotgan Covid-19 pandemiyasi jahon iqtisodi
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yotida tub burilishlar davri kelganini anglatmoqda.
Jahon iqtisodiyotining bugungi kungacha bosib
o‘tilgan tarixidan shu narsa ma’lum bo‘ladiki, iqti
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sodiy inqirozlarning jahon xo‘jaligida kengayib bo-
rishi hamda uning salbiy oqibatlarining jiddiy tus
olishi globallashuv mahsuli hisoblanadi. Ya’ni global
iqtisodiyotda qanchalik ko‘p mamlakatlarning o‘za
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ro iqtisodiy aloqalari yo‘lga qo‘yilsa, shunchalik tez
inqirozlarning “ildiz otish” jarayoni yuzaga kela
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di. Inqirozning yuzaga kelishi oqibatida esa dunyo
bo‘ylab ishlab chiqarishning to‘xtashi, yuqori da
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rajadagi ishsizlikning yuzaga kelishi, davlat budjeti
defitsitining keskin ortishi, iqtisodiy subyektlarning
bankrot bo‘lish holatlarini keskin ko‘payishi, ijtimoiy
hayotning butkul izdan chiqishi kabi holatlarni kelti
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rib chiqaradi.
Jahon miqyosida koronavirus infeksiyasi tarqa
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lishiga qarshi kurashishda, jumladan, insonlarning
harakatlanishiga cheklovlar kiritish va korxonalar
faoliyatini to‘xtatish orqali misli ko‘rilmagan cho
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ralar ko‘rilmoqda. Bu esa eng yirik iqtisodiyotga ega
mamlakatlarda ishlab chiqarish va iste’mol hajmla-
rining keskin qisqarishi, global ishlab chiqarish zan
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jirlari va savdo aloqalarining izdan chiqishi, dunyo
moliya bozorlarida xomashyo tovarlari narxi pasa-
yishi va konyunktura yomonlashuvini keltirib chiqar
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di. Global iqtisodiyot tizimining bir qismi bo‘lgan
O‘zbekiston iqtisodiyotiga ham mazkur omillar ta’sir
qilmoqda, bu esa ushbu holatning salbiy ta’sirlarini
yumshatish bo‘yicha samarali oldini oluvchi choralar
ko‘rishni talab qiladi. Bunda turizm, transport, far
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masevtika va to‘qimachilik sanoati kabi respublika
iqtisodiyotining jadal rivojlanayotgan tarmoqlarini
qo‘llab-quvvatlash va ularning barqarorligini ta’min
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lashga alohida e’tibor qaratish zarur [1].
2019-yilda boshlangan Covid-19 pandemiyasi
davrida yuzaga kelgan global iqtisodiy inqiroz, ayniq
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sa, Yevropa Ittifoqi xo‘jaligiga juda katta zarar kel-
tirdi. Pandemiya davrida Yevropa Ittifoqi iqtisodiyo
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tining aksariyat qismida umumiy tendensiyalar shuni
ko‘rsatdiki, mamlakatlar qishloq xo‘jaligidagi kichik
va o‘rta korxonalar va xizmat ko‘rsatish sohalari
(ayniqsa, turizm, mehmonxona xizmati va umumiy
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