particular country in new markets, which have not yet
participated;
development of new sources of raw materials or semi-
finished products (it does not matter if the source
already exists);
the use of effective methods of reorganization of
production, the provision of a monopoly position
(through the creation of trusts) or the abolition of the
monopoly position of another enterprise.
At the heart of this classification is the concept of
"novelty", which allows to determine the amplitude and
duration of oscillations of innovations or any set of them in a
particular system or field. "Innovation" refers to a certain
useful change aimed at expanding production, increasing its
efficiency, and in this sense, this concept is very close to the
concept of "invention". This new equipment and technology ,
and improving the management of the establishment of the
development of methods , which means. "Innovation" is
"activity aimed at the development, creation, distribution and
use of new types of products, technologies, organizational
forms. "Other studies in this area allow all the combinations
mentioned by Y.Schumpeter to draw the right conclusions in
the study of innovations, their stages of emergence, nature and
laws.
It should be noted that even today, at different stages of
socio-economic development, it can be observed that different
manifestations of such an approach are manifested in different
forms and styles.
The strategy of socio-economic
development
of
the Republic of Uzbekistan is aimed at further modernization
and technical re-equipment of leading industries, sustainable
development of all sectors on the basis of modern information
technologies, strengthening the information system.
Science and technology development, development of
scientific potential, economic and social life in all areas of
modern
technology,
computer
technology
and
telecommunications media introduction and use of satisfy the
information needs of the growing world of information
resources expanding access is one of the main tasks in the
development of information technology.
Inform in the future development of the innovative
direction is taking place in the following areas:
Telecommunications infrastructure;
Fixed and mobile communication;
Mobile market;
Internet network;
Use of information and data.
Information resources;
National capacity building policy;
Literacy in the field of information technology;
International and regional cooperation;
use of information technologies, etc. to strengthen
safety ;
Development of the legal and regulatory framework;
Use of e-government, IT in public administration;
Provision of interactive public services;
State information resources and systems ;
Electronic commerce ;
E-learning;
E-health;
Electronic employment ;
Electronic protection of the environment ;
the mass media ;
Ethical aspects of the information society;
It is known that innovative activity gives enterprises a
significant competitive advantage, provides stability, helps to
strengthen and expand market position. Increasing
technological capacity, increasing the ability to adapt to new
technological developments will lead to an improvement in
market position and increase sales with a positive result,
which is clearly observed in the economic strategy. Such a
strong interest of enterprises in innovations, on the one hand,
and their dependence on them, on the other hand, forms a
system of continuous reproduction of innovations, provides a
close and effective link between production and scientific and
technical activities. Ensuring the solution of such issues is
directly related to the level of scientific and technical potential
of enterprises and industries.
The need for the implementation and development of
innovative processes for enterprises of our country is
primarily in the world
In the context of the economic crisis, it is necessary to
liberalize the economy and integrate Uzbekistan into the
world economy. As a result, a number of decisions of the
Government of Uzbekistan define measures for the
development of innovation strategies.
The improvement of the market economy creates
conditions for the activities of various professions engaged in
economic activities of innovative technologies and the
processes of carrying out various entrepreneurial activities.
For their productive work, this activity allows the owners to
work as effectively as they have information about the market,
about their competitors, about consumers, and finally about
supply and demand. Information activity from innovative
technologies plays an important role in this.
In order to ensure the implementation of the anti-crisis
program adopted in our country to prevent the consequences
of the global economic crisis, the development of innovative
technologies in the field of informatization is associated with
the implementation of the following main tasks:
Accelerate the process of modernization in the industry,
the introduction of new energy-saving equipment and
technologies;
Implementation of projects aimed at technical and
technological modernization of production and
ensuring the competitiveness of services;
Improving the mechanisms of financing and
preferential lending for scientific and technical
innovation;
Development of new types of services in the field;
Increase the amount of attracted foreign and domestic
investments;
Favorable conditions for the development of private
business in rural areas, ensuring the innovative
development of the industry
Accelerate work on preparation, further development of
service infrastructure, creation of new jobs;
reduction of labor costs by automating the production
process.
Today, the country's promising development of the
informatization sector in the innovative direction through the
effective formation of telecommunications infrastructure, the
organization of quality services in landline, mobile and
Internet, increasing the number of Internet providers of
information and data services, increasing consumer choice
and creating a competitive environment. to increase the
volume of information exchange (number of channels) and
increase foreign exchange earnings, to implement national
policies to develop scientific and technical capacity in the
field.
The use of the experience of developed countries in the
implementation of measures to support innovative processes
in the economy by the state is of particular importance for our
country. It contributes to the formation of a system of
regulation and promotion of innovative activities in industry,
telecommunications and a number of other sectors. The
urgency of this issue is growing in the context of the expansion
of the functions of territorial and sectorial bodies in the
implementation of scientific, technical and innovation policy
in the enterprises of the republic, from the development of
complex programs to the implementation of scientific and
technical innovations in production.
It is aimed at maintaining and developing the scientific and
technical policy and scientific and technical potential of the
Republic of Uzbekistan, concentrating efforts to address the
socio-economic problems of the country in the context of
deepening market reforms.
"Scientific and technical potential" is the level of
knowledge accumulated by society, from which a set of
scientific and technical and material and organizational
conditions is provided. Scientific potential is “the ability of a
scientific system to meet its own needs and the needs of the
social system it serves. The final scientific result is the
production of a pure scientific product, in particular, the
contribution of science in this product is an indicator that
integrates scientific potential. This concept of scientific and
technical activities and the source of realization of potential
opportunities together.
The formation of the scientific technical knowledge in
people's intellectual and creative learning and learning
activities at the help. This activity ensures the replenishment,
dissemination and use of knowledge for the improvement of
production, the creation of new goods and services, the
improvement of people's living conditions and the raising of
the level of culture, the rational interaction of nature and
society.
Science and technology have a special dynamism, the
reproduction and cultivation of which is partly due to the
introduction of external resources, partly due to the resources
that are the product of their activities. The end results of
fundamental science (theory, discovery, theorem, algorithm,
etc.) do not have a commodity form and value, but serve as a
"raw material" for applied science. For scientific and technical
potential, material and monetary resources coming from other
sectors of the economy are external resources. Scientific
research and technical development are just the beginning.
Ultimately, economic and social results are achieved through
their assimilation in production and consumption. Scientific
and technical potential is:
- the sum of the accumulated knowledge (information),
create, protect and support them, it is the scientific and
technical institutions in the internal organizational structure,
scientific research and experimental design work in the
science sector and the sector of scientific and technical
institutions unifying national structure . Scientific and
technical achievements and innovative activities are the main
sources of growth of material wealth and human capital ,
implying the rapid development of intellectual and
information elements of national wealth - scientific, technical,
innovative, educational and cultural potential;
Offering quality improvement in the economy,
science and technology sectors of the national economy on the
basis of the priority areas for modernization and renewal of
the scientific and technical potential and used in the formation
of effective corporate taxation of comfort . Each component
of scientific and technical potential has its own independent
content, and they are not equally important and independent
of each other. An integral part of human potential is a
generator of new knowledge (information). At the same time,
other components of scientific and technical potential, mainly
perform the functions of suppliers. Scientific and technical
potential of certain components of the column, while others
limit the growth or reduction of the pirate can be formed.
Increasing the level of information supply will help reduce the
staff component and mobilize this force into the service sector.
Scientific and technical potential is a characteristic of any
depurated system: the global system, the system of individual
regions of the world, countries, regions of the country or its
economic sectors, any level of hierarchy of individual
enterprises or scientific and technical organizations are not
completely separated from others. Because there is a constant
exchange between the individual components of scientific and
technical potential, and as a result it leads to the development
of scientific and technical potential of each system. Such free
exchange applies to the results of fundamental research and
practical, research and development work. The scientific and
technical potential of the industry that creates the final product
inevitably includes scientific and technical innovations that
appear in the industries that supply it with resources
(technological equipment, raw materials and supplies, etc.). In
turn, the technical level of the means of production is
determined by the scientific and technical potential of the
industries that produce them, and this potential depends on the
development of fundamental and applied science.
The division of the national economy into sectors and
industries determines the sectorial and regional composition
of scientific and technological potential. The structure of the
industry includes the branches of material production, the
scientific and technical base of the non-manufacturing sector,
the scientific and technical potential of their member
organizations. The regional structure is characterized in
accordance with the administrative and economic division of
the country (republic, economic regions, provinces, cities).
Scientific and technical potential is classified by forms of
ownership, which did not exist in practice before the market
reforms. In this regard, we can talk about the scientific and
technical potential of state property and private property.
The integration and enrichment of scientific and
technical potential is also observed at the regional level. The
scientific and technical potential of the region is often formed
not at the expense of scientific institutions and design markets
located in its territory, but at the expense of achievements
accumulated by the scientific and technical potential of other
regions. At the interstate level, the international division of
labor promotes the interaction of national scientific and
technological potential.
In the scientific literature, descriptions of individual
components (personnel, material and technical base) and
funding indicators are used to describe the scientific and
technical potential. As an aggregate estimate of total current
costs and potential, the indicator of accumulated costs for
research and development, taking into account the different
periods of obsolescence of fundamental and applied research
and development.
Although the financial support of scientific and technical
activity characterizes it, in the full sense it is not an integral
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