Xavf ozod darajasiga ko'ra

Financial Risks for Individuals

Jismoniy shaxslar uchun moliyaviy risklar

Individuals can face financial risk when they make poor decisions. This hazard can have wide-ranging causes from taking an unnecessary day off of work to investing in highly speculative investments. Every undertaking has exposure to pure risk—dangers that cannot be controlled, but some are done without fully realizing the consequences.
Shaxslar noto'g'ri qarorlar qabul qilganda moliyaviy xavfga duch kelishlari mumkin. Bu xavf ishdan keraksiz dam olish kunidan tortib yuqori spekulyativ investitsiyalarga sarmoya kiritishgacha bo'lgan keng ko'lamli sabablarga ega bo'lishi mumkin. Har bir korxona sof tavakkalchilikka duchor bo'ladi - nazorat qilib bo'lmaydigan xavf-xatarlar, ammo ba'zilari oqibatlarini to'liq anglamasdan amalga oshiriladi.
Liquidity risk comes in two flavors for investors to fear. The first involves securities and assets that cannot be purchased or sold quickly enough to cut losses in a volatile market. Known as market liquidity risk this is a situation where there are few buyers but many sellers. The second risk is funding or cash flow liquidity risk. Funding liquidity risk is the possibility that a corporation will not have the capital to pay its debt, forcing it to default, and harming stakeholders.
Likvidlik xavfi investorlar qo'rqishi uchun ikki xil bo'ladi. Birinchisi, o'zgaruvchan bozorda yo'qotishlarni kamaytirish uchun tezda sotib olinmaydigan yoki sotilmaydigan qimmatli qog'ozlar va aktivlarni o'z ichiga oladi. Bozor likvidligi xavfi sifatida tanilgan bu xaridorlar kam, lekin sotuvchilar ko'p bo'lgan vaziyatdir. Ikkinchi xavf - bu moliyalashtirish yoki pul oqimining likvidlik xavfi. Moliyaviy likvidlik riski - bu korporatsiya o'z qarzini to'lash uchun kapitalga ega bo'lmaslik, uni defolt qilishga majburlash va manfaatdor tomonlarga zarar yetkazish ehtimoli.
Speculative risk is one where a profit or gain has an uncertain chance of success. Perhaps the investor did not conduct proper research before investing, reached too far for gains, or invested too large of a portion of their net worth into a single investment.
Spekulyativ risk - bu foyda yoki daromadning muvaffaqiyatga erishish ehtimoli noaniq bo'lgan xavf. Ehtimol, investor investitsiya qilishdan oldin to'g'ri tadqiqot o'tkazmagan, daromad olish uchun juda uzoqqa bormagan yoki sof qiymatining juda katta qismini bitta investitsiyaga investitsiya qilgan.
Investors holding foreign currencies are exposed to currency risk because different factors, such as interest rate changes and monetary policy changes, can alter the calculated worth or the value of their money. Meanwhile, changes in prices because of market differences, political changes, natural calamities, diplomatic changes, or economic conflicts may cause volatile foreign investment conditions that may expose businesses and individuals to foreign investment risk.
Xorijiy valyutaga ega bo'lgan investorlar valyuta riskiga duchor bo'lishadi, chunki foiz stavkalarining o'zgarishi va pul-kredit siyosatining o'zgarishi kabi turli omillar ularning pullarining hisoblangan qiymatini yoki qiymatini o'zgartirishi mumkin. Shu bilan birga, bozordagi farqlar, siyosiy o'zgarishlar, tabiiy ofatlar, diplomatik o'zgarishlar yoki iqtisodiy mojarolar tufayli narxlarning o'zgarishi biznes va jismoniy shaxslarni xorijiy investitsiya xavfiga duchor qilishi mumkin bo'lgan o'zgaruvchan xorijiy investitsion sharoitlarni keltirib chiqarishi mumkin.