AN ANALYSIS OF THE HIGHLY CITED CONFERENCE PUBLICATIONS IN
ETOURISM
Rosanna Leung, Ph.D.
Department of Business Administration
Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong SAR
Daniel Leung
School of Hotel and Tourism Management,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR
Liang Wang
School of Hotel and Tourism Management,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR
Shanshan Guo
School of Management,
Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
Rob Law, Ph.D.
School of Hotel and Tourism Management,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR
ABSTRACT
Technology has been constantly evolving over time. With the agreed advantage of
disseminating fast and latest research findings, conferences are always a good platform for
researchers to showcase latest technology prototypes as well as to obtain prompt feedback
and suggestions from peers. For the past two decades, ENTER conferences have published
over hundreds of eTourism-related papers, and many papers have been positively recognized
and frequently cited by subsequent scholars. This study analyses the top cited papers,
operationalizing as the most influential research studies, in all extant ENTER proceedings.
The top cited paper received almost 20 papers citation per year, and these top cited papers
mainly related to user generated content, mobile technologies and consumer behaviour.
Although people generally admitted the life-cycle of technologies is short, the current
findings partly refuted this idea as some technological principles in previous works are found
to be long lasting.
Key Words: ENTER conference; citation; keyword analysis; information technology.
INTRODUCTION
Being two of the “most dynamic motivators of the emerging global economy” (Buhalis,
2003, p. xxiv), Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and tourism have
experienced tremendous growth in the past two decades (Buhalis & Law, 2008). ICTs
provide tools and instruments for facilitating business prospects and tourism’s growth
further creates more demands for applicable technologies. As such, the interaction between
ICTs and tourism not only has largely enhanced tourism businesses but also generated a new
topic of interest for tourism scholars, which is now widely known as eTourism.
Since 1990s, we have witnessed a steady growth of eTourism-related research as evident
by increasing numbers of books, journal articles, and conference papers in this field. Given
research work can provide tourism managers with non-commercial and up-to-date
knowledge in an unbiased way, a systematic analysis on academic publications from time to
time is of great importance because it may assist researchers and practitioner to appreciate
historical patterns and predict future trends in the discipline (Leung & Law, 2005).
Numerous studies on reviewing eTourism-related literature can be found. For example,
O’Connor and Murphy (2004) reviewed research on ICTs in hospitality from 11 selected
journals and identified three broad topics of the Internet’s effects on distribution, pricing,
and consumer interactions. Buhalis and Law (2008) reviewed the published eTourism
research in leading English-language journals over the 20 years, and suggested that eTourism
research can be discussed in three streams, namely consumers and demand, industry and
business functions, and technological innovation. Although discussions of the journal papers
can provide knowledge about the nature and evolution of eTourism, prior studies are limited
solely to analyze articles published in scholarly journals. Contrarily, analysis on conference
papers or other publication sources was scarcely found.
As another channel for worldwide researchers to share and discuss their research results
with peers, academic conferences have increasingly been identified as a formal mode of
knowledge dissemination (Drott, 1995). In addition, academic conferences have another
generally agreed advantage of disseminating fast and latest research findings in a form of
conference proceedings (Franceshet, 2010). The function of conference proceedings, which
represents the intellectual products of a conference, has become more complex. It has
evolved from simply prototype research which may not make an important contribution to
research development into a form of scholarly activity (Drott, 1995; Lisee & Lariviere, 2008).
As conference proceedings can contribute to the theoretical and practical knowledge to
practitioners and researchers in the field, it is believed that a systematic analysis of influential
articles in the conference proceedings pertinent to eTourism may provide some insights on
the research status in the discipline. Hence, the purpose of this research is to examine the
research status of eTourism knowledge through a content analysis of the top cited
conference papers published in ENTER proceedings. The top cited papers were used for
this study because the findings and discussion of these works were highly recognized and
subsequently cited by other scholars. In other words, the top cited papers represent the most
influential publications in these eTourism-related conference proceedings. ENTER
proceedings were chosen as a medium because ENTER has generally been known as “the
world’s leading conference in tourism and IT” (Leung & Law, 2006, p.17).
LITERATURE REVIEW
It is generally agreed that the dissemination of research findings is important in specific
academic fields, particularly those that experience a rapid expansion (Pellecchia, 1999). Thus,
one of researchers’ primary goals is to share their findings with peers in the academic
community. At present, conference proceedings and scholarly journals are the two main
avenues for researchers to disseminate their findings and receive feedback from their peers.
In addition, academic output serves as the criteria for administrative decisions such as tenure,
promotions, hiring, and salary negotiations (McKercher, Law, & Lam, 2006). What’s more,
research institutions such as universities believe that publications in quality research journals
will improve their reputation in the academia as well as in the industries (Eder & Umbreit,
1988; Leung & Law, 2005; Law, 2010).
The importance of academic research has been widely recognized and documented in the
existing tourism literature. The attention of this issue has increased because the academia has
witnessed a large increase in the amount of publications in tourism in recent years (Leung &
Law, 2007). The increasing growth of tourism research and publications thus necessitate the
need for evaluation about the state of tourism research. As such, efforts of assessing the
state of tourism research have been carried out in various forms and perspectives. In
eTourism, a number of attempts can be found. For example, Sigala (2002) reviewed and
evaluated the evolution of Internet practices in Internet pedagogy. In her research, three e-
learning models for tourism and hospitality education were identified and analyzed. Leung
and Law (2005) analyzed IT papers published in three top-tier hospitality journals published
in 1985 to 2004, including International Journal of Hospitality Management, Cornell Hotel and
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