Variant 1 Share your ideas about the text History of bridges and tunnels

Road Construction

Road construction requires the creation of a continuous right-of-way, overcoming geographic obstacles and having grades low enough to permit vehicle or foot travel. and may be required to meet standards set by law or official guidelines. The process is often begun with the removal of earth and rock by digging or blasting, construction of embankments, bridges and tunnels, and removal of vegetation (this may involve deforestation) and followed by the laying of pavement material. A variety of road building equipment is employed in road building. Old road surfaces, fences, and buildings may need to be removed before construction can begin. Trees in the road construction area may be marked for retention. These protected trees should not have the topsoil within the area of the tree's drip line removed and the area should be kept clear of construction material and equipment. Compensation or replacement may be required if a protected tree is damaged.

2. Answer the following questions according to the text
1. What ruling said “the land over which a public right of way exists is known as a highway”?
2. What does the final rehabilitation after road construction include?
3. What does the road construction require?
3. Supply the correct forms of the verbs.( Past Continuous or Past Simple)

1. 
   While the teacher (explain) some grammar rules to the children the bell (ring).
   
2. 
   Charles (interrupt) Marry when she (talk) to her acquaintance.
   
3. 
   While we (wait) for the plane Bob (buy) some newspaper at the news stall.
   
4. 
   Somebody (knock) at the door when Alex (take) a shower.
   
5. 
   Aggie and Mary (read) a book when Pedro (come) into the room.
   

4. Complete the sentences with SIMPLE PRESENT or PRESENT CONTINUOUS:
1. Susan usually ………… (go) to school by bus, but now she ……….. (go) to school by train.
2. Mary often …………. (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she ………. (not / read).
3. The boys usually ………… (ride) their bikes to school. They ……………. (like / ride) their bikes. They …………… (be) very naughty
boys. They always …………(go) to school late. Today their teacher …………. (be) very angry, because they ………… (be) late again.