Variant-1 share your ideas about the text from the history of aviation

II. Answer the questions

1. 
   What is the main task of ATC activity?
   
2. 
   How can controllers expedite the flow of traffic?
   
3. 
   What aids and systems do controller use to control air traffic?
   
4. 
   Can any aids or systems substitute a human controller? If not, then why?
   

III . Match the words with their definitions

3	task	c	an opinion that you form, especially after thinking carefully about something
4	simultaneously	d	to be more than a particular number or amount
5	exceed	e	things that are happen at exactly the same time
6	judgment	f	A piece of work that must be done , especially one that is difficult or unpleasant or that must be done regularly
7	proficient	g	to make a process or action happen more quickly
8	carried out	h	to do something, especially something difficult or useful

III. Match the synonyms of the words.

Words	Synonyms
1. to establish	a. to demand
2. urgent	b. to happen
3. to achieve	c. to clash
4. to collide	d. to accomplish
5. to require	e. to differ
6. vary	f. crucial
7. growth	g. to set up
8. to occur	h. increase

IV. Fill in the blanks with PRESENT CONTINUOUS or SIMPLE PRESENT:

1.The children ………………………….. (play) outside now.

2.She usually ………………………. (read) the newspaper in the morning.
3.I …………………………… (do) my homework now.
4.I ………………………… (eat) my dinner now.
5……………………………. (you / want) a pizza?
5. Complete the sentences with SIMPLE PRESENT or PRESENT CONTINUOUS:
Susan usually ………………. (go) to school by bus, but now she …………………….. (go) toschoolbytrain.
Mary often ……………….. (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she ………………………. (not / read).
The boys usually ………………… (ride) their bikes to school. They ……………. ………………… (like / ride) their bikes. They ……………… (be) very naughty boys. They always …………………… (go) to school late. Today their teacher …………………. (be) very angry, because they ………………… (be) late again.
Mary ……………………….. (like / eat) sweets. Every morning she ……………. (have) coffee with a lot of sweets and chocolate. For lunch she and her friends often ……………….. (eat) sweets or ice-cream.
Variant 9
1.SHARE YOUR IDEAS ABOUT THE TEXT


English as a world language and an International
aviation language

English has become a world language because of its establishment as a mother tongue outside England, almost in all the continents of the world. This exporting of English began in the XVII-th century, with the first settlements in North America. Above all, the great growth of population in the United States together with massive immigration in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries has given the English language its present standing in the world. Besides, basic characteristics of English also contribute to the situation that nowadays it is the most spread language on Earth. These characteristics are: simplicity of forms (very few endings); flexibility (the same word can operate as some different parts of speech); openness of vocabulary (English words are frequently admitted by other languages). At present English is the language of business, technology, sport and aviation.

There are four working languages in ICAO – English, French, Spanish and Russian. But all meetings, conferences and assemblies are conducted in English and then all materials are translated into other languages. For this purpose ICAO has a special “Language and Publications Branch” with four sections.
II. Answer the questions.

1. 
   When did the exporting of English begin?
   
2. 
   In what spheres of life is English most widely used?
   
3. 
   How many working languages are there in ICAO?
   
4. 
   In what language are meetings, conferences and assemblies conducted in ICAO?
   
5. 
   How is the progress in safety achieved?
   

II. Translate the sentences into English.
1.Бу туманнинг ахолиси қанча? (Каково население этого района?)
2.Бу қитъада қачон биринчи европаликлар пайдо бўлди? (Когда появились первые поселения европейцев на этом континенте?)
3. Инглиз тилининг асосий хусусиятари қандай?(Каковы основные характеристики английского языка?)
4.Улар ИКАО да саволларни янги ишчи тиллари бўлган араб ва хитой тилларида муҳокама қилишяпти. (Они обсуждают вопрос о новых рабочих языках в ИКАО – арабском и китайском.)
5.ИКАО ни сўнги ассамблеяси қачон ўтказилди?(Когда проводилась последняя ассамблея ИКАО?)
III. Match the synonyms of the words.

Words	Synonyms
1. to establish	a. to demand
2. urgent	b. to happen
3. to achieve	c. to clash
4. to collide	d. to accomplish
5. to require	e. to differ
6. vary	f. crucial
7. growth	g. to set up
8. to occur	h. increase

IV. Fill in the blanks with PRESENT CONTINUOUS or SIMPLE PRESENT:

1.The children ………………………….. (play) outside now.

2.She usually ………………………. (read) the newspaper in the morning.
3.I …………………………… (do) my homework now.
4.I ………………………… (eat) my dinner now.
5……………………………. (you / want) a pizza?
5. Complete the sentences with SIMPLE PRESENT or PRESENT CONTINUOUS:
Susan usually ………………. (go) to school by bus, but now she …………………….. (go) toschoolbytrain.
Mary often ……………….. (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she ………………………. (not / read).
The boys usually ………………… (ride) their bikes to school. They ……………. ………………… (like / ride) their bikes. They ……………… (be) very naughty boys. They always …………………… (go) to school late. Today their teacher …………………. (be) very angry, because they ………………… (be) late again.
Mary ……………………….. (like / eat) sweets. Every morning she ……………. (have) coffee with a lot of sweets and chocolate. For lunch she and her friends often ……………….. (eat) sweets or ice-cream.
Variant 10
1.SHARE YOUR IDEAS ABOUT THE TEXT
FROM THE HISTORY OF AVIATION
Men have wanted to fly for more than two thousand years. Observations of flying birds gave man the idea of human flight. Every nation has many legends and tales about birdmen and magic carpets.
One of the most famous Greek legend is the legend of Daedalus and his son Icarus who made wings and fastened them on with wax. Daedalus landed in safety, Icarus was not so careful and he flew closer and closer to the sun. The wax melted, the wings came off and he fell into the sea.
The first scientific principles of human flight appeared in the 14-th century. The problem was studied by the great scientist Leonardo de Vinci. He observed the flight of birds, studied the air and its currents and designed a flying machine the wings of which were operated by a man.
But the first actual flight which man made was that in the balloon. In October 1783 the Montgolfier brothers in France sent two men almost 25 metres up in a balloon which descended 10 minutes later, about 2.5 kilometres away.
The first Russian aircraft designer was Alexander Mozhaisky. His airplane, a monoplane, with two light steam engines was tested on August I, 1882. With the first Russian pilot, I.N. Golubev the plane rose into the air and flew a distance of 200 metresbefore it landed.
II. Answer the following questions:

1. 
   Was it interesting for you to read this text?
   
2. 
   Did you read about the history of aviation at school?
   
3. 
   When did the first scientific principles of human flight appear?
   
4. 
   Who was the first to study the problem of human flight?
   
5. 
   Describe the flying machine designed by Leonardo de Vinchi.
   

III. Translate the sentences into English:
1.Инсон парвозининг илмий тамоиллари буюк олим Леонардо де Винчи томонидан ўрганилган. (Научные принципы полета человека изучались великим ученым Леонардо де Винчи.)
2.Леонардо де Винчи хаво оқимини ўрганиб, биринчи учиш аппаратини яратди. (Леонардо де Винчи изучал потоки воздуха и создал первую летающую машину.)
3.Биринчи хақиқий парвоз 1783 йилда хаво шарида амалга оширилган. (Первый фактический полет был сделан на воздушном шаре в 1783 г.)
Ушбу парвоз атиги 10 дақика давом этган ва парвоз баландлиги 25 метрни ташкил этган.(Этот полет длился только 10 минут и высота полета была 25 метров.)
4.Биринчи рус самолёт конструктори Александр Можайский бўлган.(Первым русским конструктором самолета был Александр Можайский.)
5. У 1882 йилда иккита буғ двигателли моноплан яратди. (Он сконструировал моноплан с двумя паровыми двигателями в 1882 году.)
IV. Match the words with their definitions

1. to observe	a. a journey in a plane or space vehicle, or vehicle that is making the journey
2. to fasten	b. to gradually disappear
3. to melt	c. to make, design ,or think of a new type of thing
4. to invent	d. if a plane moves safely down onto the ground
5.science	e. to build something such as a house, bridge, road, etc
6.to descend	f. knowledge about the world, especially based on examining , testing, and providing facts
7.to land	g. to move from a higher level to a lower one
8.to construct	h. to join together the two sides of something
9.flight	i. to see and notice something

V.Past Simple and Past Continuous Tenses

1. Fill in the blanks with a correct form of PAST CONTINUOUS:

It was very cold. The sun ………. was not shining. …………………. (not / shine)

It wasn’t a stormy night. The wind ……………………………………. (not / blow)
He wasn’t sleeping. He …………………………………….. (look) at the ceiling.
They were having a rest. They …………………………………….. (not / work).
They were very happy. They …………………………………. (enjoy) the party.
He was at home. He ………………………………. (watch) a movie on TV.
He was getting worse. He …………………………………… (not / recover).