В пособии рассматриваются основные моменты английской грамматики: части речи имя существительное, имя прилагательное и наречие; видо-временные формы глагола; модальные глаголы; неличные формы глагола

6. Modals in reported speech

a) can, shall, will and may become could, should, would and might in
reported speech.
‘I can speak four languages.’ He said he could speak four languages.
‘I may be able to go.’ He said he might be able to go.
‘I shall be late.’ I just said that I should be late.
He said he would be late.
‘I will do it.’ He said he would do that.

b) might used to express possibility remains unchanged:
She said, ‘I might come to the party.’
She said that she might come to the party.
But if might is used as a request form it should be replaced:
‘You might be more polite.’ She asked him to be more polite.

c) ought to/should for obligation and assumption remains unchanged:

‘They ought to/should improve the working conditions.’
I said that they ought to/should improve the working conditions.
But you ought to/you should and you must, if used to express advice, can
be reported by advise/urge/warn etc. + object + infinitive:
Alice said, ‘You really ought to/should/must see this film.’
Alice advised me to see this film.
The form ‘If I were you I should would…’ is reported by advise + object
+ infinitive:
‘If I were you I’d visit this museum.’
He advise me to visit this museum.

d) could for past ability can remain unchanged or be reported by had been

able:
‘I could play chess when I was only 4.’
‘He said that he could/had been able to play chess when he was only 4.’
could for permission in the past can remain unchanged or be reported by
was/were allowed to or had been allowed to:
She said, ‘When I was a girl I could go to bed as late as I liked.’
She said that when as a girl she could/was allowed/had
been allowed etc.

e) must used to express deduction, permanent command/prohibition and

intention remains unchanged:
‘He must be taking an exam now.’
She said that he must be taking an exam now.
‘The emergency exit must be kept unlocked.’
He said that the emergency exit must be kept unlocked.
‘We must redecorate the nursery.’
She said that they must redecorate the nursery.