3. Model «Test -> Teach -> Test». TTT is a frequently used
alternative to the PPP method, wherein the production phase is
sequentially moved to the first part of the lesson. During the (first)
test phase that corresponds to the production phase in the PPP
approach, learners are more or less abruptly asked to
communicatively produce a language concept based on their
existing knowledge and without any prior guidance from the
teacher. The teacher will then asses the students’ level of
competency in the particular language area, determine their needs,
and proceed with the teach phase (which corresponds to the
presentation phase in the PPP approach) based on an overall
assessment. The teach phase allows to discuss problem areas and
guide learners towards the correct use of the language concept.
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