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Water is colourless, tasteless liquid
a clear, colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid, H2O, essential for most plant and animal life and the most widely used of all solvents; a colorless, transparent, odorless, tasteless, liquid that forms the seas lakes rivers and rain; a colorless liquid that is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen;
Water is a source of drinking water and agriculture
liquid that is essential for plant and animal life and constitutes, in impure form, rain, oceans, rivers, lakes, etc.;
to irrigate or provide with water: to water the land; he watered the cattle; to supply (land, a region, etc.) with water, as by streams or irrigation.;
The definition of the lexeme “сув” as “life and soul” given in the Uzbek dictionaries represents both notional and evaluative components of the concept “Water”:
Сув – ҳаёт-мамот масаласини хал қилувчи, ҳаёт берувчи Сув; ҳаёт бағишловчи, жонга файз киритувчи нарса: Улар ўз ерларига, ўз уйларига ҳаёт суви келтириш учун, курашга борадилар. Одамлар ташна, ер чанқоқ, юрт қақроқ эди. Хамма сув деб талпинар, сувга интилар эди (М. Исмоилий Фарғона тонг отгунча)
This meaning is culturally specific for Uzbek culture and conditioned by extralinguistic factors, in particular by geography. As is known, Uzbekistan is situated in Central Asia, the territory of which is mostly covered by deserts and steppes and has no access to any sea or ocean. This fact conditions the lack of water and its exceptional value for Uzbek people.
The analysis of phraseological units with the component “water” has shown that they mostly represent the evaluative constituent of the concept “Water” relevant to many aspects of people’s life. It is worthy of note that phraseological units with the component “water” represent both positive and negative evaluation.
In the phraseological units water is regarded as valueless and temporal substance in comparison with other liquids, substances and products that are considered to be more valuable: engl.: bread and water, shed blood like water, spend money like water; uzb.: сув кетар тош қолар; сув текин; сувники сувга кетти; сувга оқизмоқ. Fluidity, mobility, changeability of water also caused its usage to denote “uselessness of smth”: written in water; draw water in a sieve; pour water into a sieve; as welcome as water in one's shoes, limn on water (to dream); uzb.: элакда сув ташимоқ, сувга оқизмоқ. Water is perceived as a destructive, ruinous nature element that is unpredictable and uncontrolled: engl.: come hell or high water; uzb.: сув балоси, сув офати.
Phraseological units with the component “water” also represent the notions, associated with 1) different aspects of people’s life: in smooth water (to be successful); troubled waters (complex situation); in hot water (to be in a difficult situation); defeat in smth., destruction of smb); blow out of the water, under water; рour/throw cold water on smth.; 2) description of individuals’ characteristics: moral, physical, emotional: as weak as water, long drink of water (very tall person); uzb.: сувдан қўруқ чиқмоқ, сувни лойқалатмоқ, сувга тушса чўкмаслик.
One of the most conspicuous properties of the analyzed concept on phraseological level is its religious and mythological essence. For example, phraseological unit “Living water/water of life” is a biblical phrase used for denoting God, but in fact, it reflects mythological legends and fairy-tales about restorative powers of water and fountains, springs, wells of Youth. People believed that elderly people who drink or bathe in its waters could be young again. Phraseological unit “holy water” reflects religious views of European, in particular English linguoculture. Holy water is the water that has been sanctified by a religious figure and is used for spiritual cleansing and as a protection against evil. It is kept in the holy water stoups, fonts or automatic water filters put at the entrance to the church, so that the faithful could sprinkle themselves with it on entering the church. It is a key element in many religious rituals: baptizing children, blessing, liturgies, making a sign of the cross for cleansing from venial sin, etc.
The image-bearing and evaluative components of the concept “Water” are widely represented in proverbs and quotations. Here, it should be mentioned that image-bearing and evaluative constituents of the concept in most cases are closely interlinked. In other words, examples can be viewed both from the point of view of imagery and evaluation. It is conditioned by the fact that imagery and evaluation are usually interwoven especially in proverbs, aphorisms and fictional texts which reflect the national world picture of a certain culture (beliefs, customs, ethics and morality, behavioral norms, speech etiquette, etc.). Used in the proverbs and quotations, the concept “Water” acquires a multitude of conceptual features constituting its complex structure. Thus, the concept Water forms several conceptual metaphors such as “Water is Beauty”, “Water is Life”, “Water is Gem”. Let us consider some of them:
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