Учебное пособие в систематизированном виде содержит необходимые для изучения курса лексикологии английского языка вспомогательные материалы: планы семинаров, определения основных понятий и терминов на английском и русском языках, темы курсовых

Derivational (or word-formation analysis) studies the structural patterns and rules on which words are built. Analysing the word-formation structure of a word one tries to answer the question: What was formed from what? One studies the last word-formation act, the result of which is this or that unit. For example, in the word Oxbridgian the last word-formation act was suffixation (Oxbridge + -ian), but in the previous word-formation act telescoping took place (Oxford + Cambridge).
The results of the morphemic analysis and the word-formation analysis may coincide. For instance, in the words bookish and childish there are two morphemes: the root book- and the suffix -ish, the root child- and the suffix -ish respectively (the morphemic analysis), both are formed by suffixation (the word-formation analysis). However, there are a lot of other cases when the re­sults of the analyses do not coincide. For example, from the point of view of the morphemic analysis there is no difference between the structures of interchange, n and interview, v (the word interchange consists of the root change- and the prefix inter-, and the word interview is composed of the root view- and the pre­fix inter-). However, from the point of view of the word-formation pattern they are fundamentally different. The first word is formed by prefixation, the second - by conversion (the model is N -> V).
Pseudo-morpheme ['sju:d9o'mo:fi:m] (or quasimorpheme ['kwu:zi-]) is a morpheme which has a differential meaning and a distributional meaning but does not possess any lexical or functional (part-of-speech) meaning. For in­stance, in the words retain, detain, contain or receive, deceive, conceive, the clusters re-, de-, con- (having nothing in common with the phonetically identical prefixes re-, de- in the words rewrite, reorganize, deodorize, decode) and -tain, -ceive have no lexical meaning. However, they have a differential meaning be­cause re- distinguishes retain from detain, and -tain distinguishes retain from receive. They also have a distributional meaning as their order points to the affixal status of re-, de-, con- and makes one understand -tain and -ceive as roots. However, as they lack any lexical meaning of their own, they can be characterized only as pseudo-morphemes.
Unique root [ju:'ni:k 'ru:t] is also a pseudo-morpheme since it has no lexi­cal meaning but it carries a differential meaning and a distributional meaning. The difference between an ordinary pseudo-morpheme and a unique root lies in the following: 1. a unique root does not occur in other words; 2. in a word, con­taining a unique root, other morphemes display a more or less clear lexical meaning. For example, in the word hamlet (“a small village”), ham- is a unique root because it does not occur in any other words of Modern English and has no lexical meaning. Yet ham- carries a differential meaning and a distributional meaning as it distinguishes hamlet from the words piglet and booklet. It is clear that the differential meaning of ham- is upheld by the lexical meaning of -let (it is a suffix with a diminutive meaning).
In the compound words cranberry, gooseberry and mulberry, cran-, goose- and mul- also belong to unique roots. Cranberry is probably the most famous example of a word with a unique root, that is why unique roots are often referred to as cranberry morphemes.
Some other examples of words with unique roots are pocket, Friday.