Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов математического факультета специальности 1-020501 «Информатика. Иностранный язык (английский)»

 
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Morphemic structure of the word 
The morphological system of language reveals its properties through the 
morphemic structure of words. It follows from this that morphology as part of 
grammatical theory faces the two segmental units: the morpheme and the word. 
But, as we have already pointed out, the morpheme is not identified otherwise 
than part of the word; the functions of the morpheme are effected only as the 
corresponding constituent functions of the word as a whole. 

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For instance, the form of the verbal past tense is built up by means of the 
dental grammatical suffix: train-
ed
[-d]; publish-
ed
[-t]; meditat-
ed
[-id]. 
However, the past tense as a definite type of grammatical meaning is 
expressed not by the dental morpheme in isolation, but by the verb (i.e. word) 
taken in the corresponding form (realized by its morphemic composition); the 
dental suffix is immediately related to the stem of the verb and together with the 
stem constitutes the temporal correlation in the paradigmatic system of verbal 
categories. 
Thus, in studying the morpheme we actually study the word in the 
necessary details of its composition and functions. 
The morpheme is a meaningful segmental component of the word; the 
morpheme is formed by phonemes; as a meaningful component of the word it is 
elementary (i.e. indivisible into smaller segments as regards its significative 
function). 
The word is a nominative unit of language; it is formed by morphemes; it 
enters the lexicon of language as its elementary component (i.e. a component 
indivisible into smaller segments as regards its nominative function); together 
with other nominative units the word is used for the formation of the sentence – 
a unit of information in the communication process.