U. S. Judicial System



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Judicial System (1)

Administrative Support

Federal Court System: Minor Trial Court

U.S. Magistrate’s Court:

- Roughly 560 U.S. Magistrates nationwide

- Serve 8 years terms

- Appointed by Federal District Judges

- Handles 1 million + cases a year nationwide

Federal Court System: Major Trial Court

U.S. District Court:

- Roughly 1,200 U.S. District Court Judges

    • * 677 Full-time District Court Judges
    • * roughly 500 Senior Status District Court Judges
    • - Serve for life

      - Appointed by the President

      - 94 judicial districts

      - Roughly 375,000 cases filed/year (80% civil – 20% criminal)

Federal Court System: U.S. District Court Jurisdiction

  • Federal crimes (around 200/national jurisdiction)
  • Civil cases (patent rights, copyright, anti-trust)
  • Bankruptcy cases (775,000/year; 325 judges)
  • U.S. a party in a suit
  • Appeals from lower courts
  • Civil rights violations (Title 7)
  • Diversive Jurisdiction (two or more parties from two or more states involving a dispute of $75,000 or more)

Federal Court System: Appellate Court

U.S. Courts of Appeal:

- 179 U.S. Appellate Court Judges

- Serve for life

- Appointed by the President

- Usually sit “in division”

- 13 U.S. Appellate Court circuits or districts

- Nebraska is in the 8th circuit (based in St. Louis)

- Roughly 55,000 cases filed/year nationwide

- Handles appeals from lower courts

- No jury

- Court of law (vs. court of fact)

- De-facto court of last resort


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