Translation of homonyms, synonyms and antonyms

Subject – Predicate

This means that the subject (S) is placed in the first position and predicate (V) –in the second position. If the predicate is expressed by a transitive verb then in the third position we find the object (O), that is S – Vtr - O

Any violation of this order of words brings about a change or distortion of the meaning.

The corresponding Russian sentence adheres to the patterns

S – Vtr – O. But it permits the transposition of the words.

Охотник убил волка.

Волка убил охотник and so on .

The Uzbek model S – O – Vtr differs from the English and Russian models by the order of words and morphological arrangement of the object which may be marked or unmarked.

Compare:

Овчи бурини улдирди.

Овчи бури улдирди.

These patterns are not equivalent. The first allows transposition of words, which leads to stylistic marking. (Characteristic of poetry). Besides, the ending “НИ” expresses an additional meaning of definiteness. The second pattern does none tolerate transposition of words.

The principal types of grammatical correspondences between two languages are as follows;

1. 
   complete correspondence;
   

2.