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Trade
1.6. Japan has a deficit in trade in agricultural goods with imports of over US$61.4 billion and exports of US$3.4 billion in 2013.138 In current U.S. dollar value terms, both imports and exports have increased over the past ten years, but are down compared to their 2011 and 2012 peaks (Chart 4.1).
Chart 4.11 Trade in agriculture, 2004-13
(US$ billion and %)
Source: UNSD Comtrade database.
1.7. Imports of agricultural products are widely spread across many different tariff lines with the top ten products representing less than 50% of total agricultural imports. Although imports in 2013 were lower than the previous two years they were still about 50% higher than in 2006 (in current U.S. dollar terms). Several of the main imported tariff lines are cereals and oilseeds, a significant proportion of which is for processing into food and animal feedstuffs (Table 4.4).
1.8. Exports of agricultural products from Japan tend to be of processed products. Although the overall value of exports has grown over the past few years, performance has been mixed among different tariff lines; for example exports of cigars and cigarettes have been stable in value while declining in volume while exports of bakers' wares and other fermented beverages have increased in both volume and value (Table 4.5).
Table 4.35 Imports of agricultural products, 2006-13
HS2002 – Products
|
|
2006
|
2007
|
2008
|
2009
|
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
2013
|
|
Total
|
US$ million
|
41,798
|
45,852
|
55,757
|
48,098
|
53,203
|
66,746
|
66,164
|
61,383
|
1005 - Maize
|
'000 tonnes
|
16,883
|
16,628
|
16,460
|
16,294
|
16,188
|
15,285
|
14,895
|
14,401
|
US$ million
|
2,586
|
3,843
|
5,578
|
3,770
|
3,956
|
5,355
|
5,127
|
4,750
|
2402 - Cigars, … and cigarettes
|
'000 tonnes
|
99
|
92
|
86
|
85
|
78
|
90
|
83
|
80
|
US$ million
|
3,190
|
2,989
|
3,169
|
3,503
|
3,511
|
5,777
|
5,367
|
4,103
|
0203 - Meat of swine, fresh, chilled or frozen
|
'000 tonnes
|
725
|
761
|
818
|
703
|
753
|
793
|
779
|
738
|
US$ million
|
3,299
|
3,435
|
4,164
|
3,949
|
4,511
|
5,225
|
5,122
|
3,996
|
1602 - Other prepared or preserved meat, meat offal or blood
|
'000 tonnes
|
534
|
535
|
482
|
503
|
554
|
612
|
656
|
654
|
US$ million
|
1,753
|
1,804
|
1,930
|
2,024
|
2,291
|
2,855
|
3,126
|
2,960
|
1001 - Wheat and meslin
|
'000 tonnes
|
5,337
|
5,275
|
5,781
|
4,703
|
5,476
|
6,214
|
5,970
|
6,200
|
US$ million
|
1,280
|
1,635
|
3,277
|
1,448
|
1,668
|
2,710
|
2,156
|
2,278
|
1201 - Soya beans
|
'000 tonnes
|
4,042
|
4,161
|
3,711
|
3,390
|
3,456
|
2,831
|
2,727
|
2,762
|
US$ million
|
1,282
|
1,663
|
2,364
|
1,750
|
1,834
|
1,812
|
1,811
|
1,883
|
1205 - Rape or colza seeds
|
'000 tonnes
|
2,293
|
2,154
|
2,313
|
2,072
|
2,344
|
2,319
|
2,408
|
2,461
|
US$ million
|
717
|
957
|
1,570
|
946
|
1,164
|
1,541
|
1,658
|
1,682
|
0901 – Coffee
|
'000 tonnes
|
428
|
396
|
394
|
397
|
417
|
423
|
387
|
464
|
US$ million
|
1,022
|
1,067
|
1,267
|
1,153
|
1,406
|
2,059
|
1,700
|
1,586
|
2204 - Wine of fresh grapes
|
'000 tonnes
|
173
|
174
|
180
|
188
|
201
|
215
|
..
|
463
|
US$ million
|
1,173
|
1,253
|
1,331
|
1,079
|
1,173
|
1,331
|
1,575
|
1,582
|
0201 - Meat of bovine animals, fresh or chilled
|
'000 tonnes
|
223
|
216
|
199
|
213
|
211
|
213
|
212
|
212
|
US$ million
|
1,267
|
1,281
|
1,248
|
1,157
|
1,285
|
1,454
|
1,515
|
1,455
|
0202 - Meat of bovine animals, frozen
|
'000 tonnes
|
237
|
258
|
259
|
268
|
288
|
304
|
302
|
322
|
US$ million
|
675
|
767
|
895
|
839
|
1,004
|
1,190
|
1,245
|
1,275
|
Source: UNSD Comtrade.
Table 4.36 Exports of agricultural products, 2006-13
HS2002 - Products
|
2006
|
2007
|
2008
|
2009
|
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
2013
|
Total
|
US$ million
|
2,226
|
2,480
|
2,929
|
2,999
|
3,480
|
3,552
|
3,512
|
3,355
|
2106 - Food preparations n.e.s.
|
'000 tonnes
|
21
|
24
|
25
|
23
|
23
|
22
|
22
|
22
|
US$ million
|
234
|
258
|
303
|
333
|
365
|
376
|
363
|
336
|
2103 - Sauces and preparations
|
'000 tonnes
|
69
|
72
|
70
|
69
|
72
|
70
|
69
|
74
|
US$ million
|
205
|
214
|
239
|
273
|
313
|
326
|
317
|
289
|
2402 - Cigars, … and cigarettes
|
'000 tonnes
|
17
|
17
|
18
|
16
|
16
|
16
|
14
|
13
|
US$ million
|
227
|
249
|
260
|
274
|
297
|
323
|
300
|
228
|
1905 - Bread, pastry, … other bakers' wares
|
'000 tonnes
|
17
|
20
|
20
|
16
|
18
|
16
|
18
|
22
|
US$ million
|
114
|
133
|
161
|
153
|
183
|
180
|
208
|
218
|
2202 - Waters with added sugar
|
'000 tonnes
|
29
|
34
|
43
|
42
|
48
|
43
|
..
|
132
|
US$ million
|
59
|
70
|
105
|
108
|
136
|
128
|
151
|
127
|
4103 - Other raw hides and skins
|
'000 tonnes
|
64
|
65
|
67
|
71
|
69
|
69
|
70
|
71
|
US$ million
|
65
|
66
|
103
|
65
|
69
|
113
|
122
|
125
|
1209 - Seeds, fruit, spores, for sowing
|
'000 tonnes
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
US$ million
|
98
|
99
|
104
|
108
|
123
|
137
|
117
|
119
|
2206 - Other fermented beverages
|
'000 tonnes
|
11
|
12
|
13
|
13
|
15
|
16
|
..
|
77
|
US$ million
|
55
|
63
|
77
|
81
|
101
|
116
|
117
|
112
|
602 - Other live plants, cuttings, and slips
|
'000 tonnes
|
9
|
21
|
..
|
13
|
..
|
..
|
..
|
..
|
US$ million
|
23
|
46
|
54
|
51
|
74
|
87
|
105
|
100
|
2208 - Alcohol of strength less than 80% vol.
|
'000 tonnes
|
8
|
8
|
7
|
9
|
9
|
8
|
..
|
..
|
US$ million
|
39
|
45
|
53
|
53
|
62
|
72
|
84
|
88
|
.. Not available.
Source: UNSD Comtrade.
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